We studied the service conditions for the lining of the Waelz kilns at the Chelyabinsk Electrolytic Zinc Plant and the Ust’ Kamenogorsk Lead and Zinc Plant, and identified the primary sources of wear on the refractories. Refractory wear inWaelz kilns primarily occurs via a chemical reaction between the refractories and the components of the charge, which is then followed by abrasive wear. PKhPP [periclase-chromite fused grains] and KhPT [chromite-periclase thermal shock resistant] refractories were found to be the most stable under the service conditions in Waelz-kiln linings. The refractories were impregnated with coal-tar asphalt for improved durability. A test batch was produced and tested in the lining of a Waelz kiln. High temperature glue — for Waelz-furnace linings at various non-ferrous metallurgical plants — and mortar — for ceramic joints with better physical and chemical properties throughout the entire lining — were developed. The shape, optimum dimensions, and design of the ceramic products, and brickwork designs based on these products were all studied. The brickwork designs were tested inWaelz kilns at several ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgical plants.

我们研究了车里雅宾斯克电解锌厂和Ust'Kamenogorsk铅锌厂的Waelz窑炉衬的使用条件，并确定了耐火材料的主要磨损来源。瓦兹窑中的耐火材料磨损主要是通过耐火材料与炉料成分之间的化学反应发生的，然后是磨料磨损。在Waelz窑炉衬中，在使用条件下，发现PKhPP（过氧化物酶-铬铁矿熔凝颗粒）和KhPT（抗铬铁矿-抗热冲击石）耐火材料是最稳定的。耐火材料用煤焦油沥青浸渍以提高耐久性。生产了一个测试批，并在Waelz窑炉的衬里中进行了测试。开发了高温胶（用于各种有色冶金工厂的Waelz炉衬）和灰浆（用于在整个衬里具有更好的物理和化学性能的陶瓷接缝）。研究了陶瓷产品的形状，最佳尺寸和设计，以及基于这些产品的砖砌设计。砖砌设计在几家有色和有色冶金厂的瓦兹窑中进行了测试。