To better understand the atomization characteristics of a gas–liquid swirl coaxial (GLSC) injector under ambient pressure, the spatial distribution of multiple cross-sections was captured using a phase Doppler interferometry system, including the Sauter mean diameter (SMD), velocity, and data rate (particle number collected at the measurement points every second). The effects of the gas–liquid ratio and ambient pressure on the spatial distribution of the GLSC injector were analyzed. In general, the SMD increased with an increase in ambient pressure, while the axial velocity and data rate showed the opposite trend. For the non-recessed GLSC injector under ambient pressure, the atomization quality at low gas–liquid ratios was not better than that for no gas injection. In the area near the injector exit, the ambient pressure positively affected the atomization. Furthermore, the ambient pressure had a negative effect beyond a certain distance from the injector exit. The effect of environmental pressure on the spray cone was more apparent, and the combined effect of pneumatic and pressure atomization was worse, which eventually increased the particle diameter at the axis center. An increase in the gas–liquid ratio had little effect on the axial velocity around the spray cone but caused a significant increase in the axial velocity near the axis.

为了更好地了解环境压力下的气液旋流同轴（GLSC）喷射器的雾化特性，使用相位多普勒干涉仪系统捕获了多个横截面的空间分布，包括Sauter平均直径（SMD），速度和数据速率（每秒在测量点收集的粒子数）。分析了气液比和环境压力对GLSC喷油器空间分布的影响。通常，SMD随着环境压力的增加而增加，而轴向速度和数据速率则呈现相反的趋势。对于在环境压力下的非嵌入式GLSC进样器，在低气液比下的雾化质量并不比没有进样时的雾化质量好。在喷油器出口附近的区域，环境压力对雾化有积极影响。此外，环境压力在距喷油器出口一定距离之外有负面影响。环境压力对喷雾锥的影响更加明显，气动雾化和压力雾化的综合效果更差，最终增加了轴心处的粒径。气液比的增加对喷淋锥周围的轴向速度影响不大，但导致轴附近的轴向速度显着增加。最终增加了轴心处的粒径。气液比的增加对喷淋锥周围的轴向速度影响不大，但导致轴附近的轴向速度显着增加。最终增加了轴心处的粒径。气液比的增加对喷淋锥周围的轴向速度影响不大，但导致轴附近的轴向速度显着增加。