Development of science-based coastal policies and strategies that effectively cope with coastal change and risk requires transfer of scientific knowledge beyond the scientific community, and its integration in management processes. However, scientists frequently convey their message to non-specialized audiences resourcing to their own empirical experience, often leading to a high effort - low efficiency process.

This paper aims to propose a simple conceptual model to guide scientists in the process of knowledge transfer, focusing on whom and how, and promoting the efficiency of both the science dissemination process and integration of scientific knowledge in management of coastal land and risk. The model proposed herein aims to guide scientists to actively pursue the goal of transferring their knowledge to policymakers and managers besides layman society, and is essentially based upon a review and integration of previous work.

We argue that selection of the most efficient scientific knowledge transfer mechanism (outreach, crowdsourcing tools, managers-oriented tools or co-production) should be based following careful consideration of level of engagement with the audience, and take into consideration political and social contexts. The level of engagement also controls the amount of effort involved in message framing, and the nature and robustness of the feedback from the target audience. The model acknowledges that communication strategy must be thought on a case-by-case basis and ranks the proportion of effort distributed between message deliverer (framing) and receiver (engagement) implicit in each transfer mechanism. This helps to select the most adequate mechanism and optimizes knowledge transfer efforts. In addition, it highlights the importance of encouraging scientists to develop message framing skills and to acknowledge the benefits of engaging with others.

要制定有效应对沿海变化和风险的基于科学的沿海政策和策略，就需要将科学知识转移到科学界之外，并将其整合到管理流程中。但是，科学家经常将信息传达给非专业的听众，这些听众依靠自己的经验积累经验，常常导致工作量大，效率低的过程。

本文旨在提出一个简单的概念模型，以指导科学家进行知识转移的过程，重点关注谁和如何进行，并提高沿海地区土地风险管理中科学传播过程和科学知识整合的效率。本文提出的模型旨在指导科学家积极追求将知识转移给外行社会以外的决策者和管理者的目标，并且该模型主要基于对先前工作的回顾和整合。

我们认为，选择最有效的科学知识转移机制（外联，众包工具，面向管理者的工具或联合生产））应在认真考虑与受众互动的水平之后，并考虑政治和社会背景。参与程度还控制着消息框架中涉及的工作量，以及目标受众反馈的性质和健壮性。该模型承认，通信策略必须视具体情况而定，并对每个传输机制中隐含的消息传递者（框架）和接收者（参与）之间分配的工作量比例进行排名。这有助于选择最合适的机制并优化知识转移的工作。此外，它强调了鼓励科学家发展信息框架技能并认识到与他人互动的好处的重要性。