Marine plankton comprise the largest portion of the marine biomass, and play critical roles in the global carbon cycle. The carbon retention of marine-plankton communities is as important as their primary production; however, data on the annual carbon retention of marine-plankton communities based on daily sample analysis are limited. Using our published and unpublished data, we calculated the one-year integrated carbon retention of a marine-plankton community at an innermost fixed station in the highly eutrophic Masan Bay, Korea, collected daily from June 2004 to May 2005. The total one-year integrated carbon retention of all plankton taxa in the study period was 471 g C m⁻³ yr⁻¹. The integrated carbon retentions by phytoplankton, heterotrophic protists, and heterotrophic bacteria were 344, 76, and 40 g C m⁻³ yr⁻¹, respectively, whereas those by photosynthetic ciliates and metazooplankton were 9 and 2 g C m⁻³ yr⁻¹, respectively. Among the plankton subgroups, the integrated carbon retention by the phototrophic dinoflagellates (109 g C m⁻³ yr⁻¹) was highest, followed by raphidophytes (88), cryptophytes (73), diatoms (43), heterotrophic bacteria (40), and heterotrophic dinoflagellates (39). The total duration of the red tides by diatoms that grow using only photosynthesis (42 days), was considerably shorter than that of phototrophic dinoflagellates, raphidophytes, or cryptophytes, which can grow mixotrophically (56–135 days). The shorter duration of red tides by diatoms was primarily responsible for their lower carbon retention, although the maximum growth rates of the diatoms were considerably higher than those of the flagellates. The percentage of the 1-year integrated carbon retention of the heterotrophic protists relative to that of the phytoplankton was approximately 20%, similar to the mean-gross-growth efficiency of heterotrophic-protist grazers on phytoplankton, indicating a good balance between these two components in the planktonic food web. This study reported one-year integrated carbon retention of marine plankton at the species level, calculated based on daily samples, and thus gave an insight into which, and to what extent, species and groups contribute to the total carbon retention of plankton for one year in a highly eutrophic bay.

海洋浮游生物占海洋生物量的最大部分，并在全球碳循环中发挥关键作用。海洋浮游生物群落的碳保留与其初级生产一样重要。然而，基于每日样本分析的海洋浮游生物群落的年度碳保留数据有限。使用我们已发布和未发布的数据，我们计算了2004年6月至2005年5月期间每天收集的，高度富营养化的韩国马山湾最内层固定站的一个浮游生物群落的一年综合碳保留。研究期间所有浮游生物类群的综合碳保留量为471 g C m ^-3  yr ^-1。浮游植物，异养生物和异养细菌的综合碳保留量分别为344、76和40 g C m ^-3  yr ^-1，而光合纤毛虫和间生浮游动物的综合碳保留量分别为9和2 g C m ^-3  yr ^-1。， 分别。在浮游生物亚组中，光养性鞭毛虫的整体碳保留（109 g C m ^-3  yr ^-1）最高，其次是斜生植物（88），隐生植物（73），硅藻（43），异养细菌（40）和异养鞭毛藻（39）。仅通过光合作用生长的硅藻发生的赤潮的总持续时间（42天）明显短于可以营养混合生长的光养性鞭毛藻，斜生植物或隐生植物（56-135天）。尽管硅藻的最大增长率远高于鞭毛虫的最大增长率，但硅藻造成的赤潮持续时间较短的主要原因是它们的碳滞留量较低。异养原生生物相对于浮游植物的1年综合碳保留百分比约为20％，类似于异养原生牧草对浮游植物的平均总生长效率，说明浮游食物网中这两个成分之间的平衡良好。这项研究报告了基于日常样本计算的海洋浮游生物在物种一级的一年综合碳保留，因此可以洞察哪种物种和种群在多大程度上对一年内的浮游生物的总碳保留有贡献在高度富营养化的海湾中。