Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a first-line treatment for anxiety and related disorders, with large pre- to post-treatment effect sizes. Rates of relapse, or the likelihood that a state of remission will be maintained once treatment is withdrawn, have been relatively neglected in CBT outcome studies. The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall rate of relapse in CBT for anxiety and related disorders. A secondary aim was to assess whether demographic, clinical, and methodological factors were associated with rates of relapse in CBT. Articles were identified from prior CBT meta-analyses and review papers and from literature searches using the PsycINFO and Medline electronic databases, with 17 full-length articles retained for meta-analysis (total N = 337 patients). Results showed an overall relapse rate of 14 %, which did not significantly differ between diagnoses. The way in which relapse was defined was significantly associated with relapse rates; when relapse was defined as meeting diagnostic criteria, estimates were lower than when alternative definitions were used. The findings indicate that relapse following symptom remission occurs in a minority of patients, suggesting that future treatment development and refinement efforts should focus on improving relapse prevention skills and interventions to minimize risk of relapse.

认知行为疗法（CBT）是治疗焦虑症和相关疾病的一线治疗药物，其治疗前到治疗后的效果很大。在CBT结局研究中，相对而言，复发率或一旦退出治疗将维持缓解状态的可能性相对较小。本荟萃分析旨在确定焦虑和相关疾病的CBT总体复发率。第二个目的是评估人口统计学，临床和方法学因素是否与CBT复发率相关。从以前的CBT荟萃分析和评论文章以及使用PsycINFO和Medline电子数据库进行的文献检索中鉴定出文章，保留17篇全文进行荟萃分析（总N = 337例患者）。结果显示总体复发率为14％，在两次诊断之间没有显着差异。定义复发的方式与复发率显着相关。当复发定义为符合诊断标准时，估计值低于使用替代定义时的估计值。研究结果表明，少数患者出现症状缓解后复发，这表明未来的治疗开发和完善工作应着重于提高预防复发的技能和干预措施，以最大程度地降低复发风险。