We use the SPace Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) project as a template to demonstrate how deep spectrophotometric surveys covering large cosmological volumes over extended fields (1– $15\, \rm{deg^2}$ ) with a mid-IR imaging spectrometer (17– $36\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ ) in conjunction with deep $70\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ photometry with a far-IR camera, at wavelengths which are not affected by dust extinction can answer the most crucial questions in current galaxy evolution studies. A SPICA-like mission will be able for the first time to provide an unobscured three-dimensional (3D, i.e. x, y, and redshift z) view of galaxy evolution back to an age of the universe of less than $\sim$ 2 Gyrs, in the mid-IR rest frame. This survey strategy will produce a full census of the Star Formation Rate (SFR) in the universe, using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) bands and fine-structure ionic lines, reaching the characteristic knee of the galaxy luminosity function, where the bulk of the population is distributed, at any redshift up to $z \sim 3.5$ . Deep follow-up pointed spectroscopic observations with grating spectrometers onboard the satellite, across the full IR spectral range (17– $210\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ ), would simultaneously measure Black Hole Accretion Rate (BHAR), from high-ionisation fine-structure lines, and SFR, from PAH and low- to mid-ionisation lines in thousands of galaxies from solar to low metallicities, down to the knee of their luminosity functions. The analysis of the resulting atlas of IR spectra will reveal the physical processes at play in evolving galaxies across cosmic time, especially its heavily dust-embedded phase during the activity peak at the cosmic noon ( $z \sim 1$ –3), through IR emission lines and features that are insensitive to the dust obscuration.

中文翻译：

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来自太空的中红外宇宙分光光度测量：在宇宙正午用类似 SPICA 的任务测量 AGN 和恒星形成

我们使用太空红外望远镜进行宇宙学和天体物理学（斯皮卡) 项目作为模板来演示如何在扩展场 (1– $15\, \rm{度^2}$ ) 与中红外成像光谱仪 (17– $36\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ ) 结合深 $70\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ 在不受尘埃消光影响的波长下使用远红外相机进行光度测量可以回答当前星系演化研究中最关键的问题。类似 SPICA 的任务将首次能够提供清晰的三维（3D，即X,是的, 和红移z) 星系演化的观点回到小于 $\sim$ 2 Gyrs，在中红外休息框架中。该调查策略将使用多环芳烃 (PAH) 波段和精细结构离子线对宇宙中的恒星形成率 (SFR) 进行全面普查，达到星系光度函数的特征拐点，其中大部分人口分布，在任何红移高达 $z \sim 3.5$ . 在整个红外光谱范围（17- $210\, \rm{\rm{\upmu m}}$ )，将同时测量来自高电离精细结构线的黑洞吸积率 (BHAR)，以及来自 PAH 和从太阳到低金属丰度的数千个星系中低到中电离线的恒星形成率，直至它们的光度函数。对由此产生的红外光谱图谱的分析将揭示在整个宇宙时间内演化星系中的物理过程，尤其是在活动高峰在宇宙正午（ $z \sim 1$ –3)，通过对灰尘遮挡不敏感的红外发射线和特征。