ABSTRACT

Hazards act upon vulnerability and exposure to create disaster risk. Despite the growth of disaster risk assessments, the number of approaches that develop vulnerability and exposure studies is still small when compared with hazard modelling. In fact, limited studies have considered the relationship between vulnerability and exposure variables and how this can change future management actions on a local scale. This paper addresses this gap by proposing an integrated framework with a combination of social and environmental sciences to map hazard-specific vulnerability and exposure in urban areas. Subjective (e.g. Participatory Approach) and objective methods (e.g. Shannon Entropy and Fuzzy Theory) were integrated into a pixel-by-pixel framework for enhancing the flooding management in Campina Grande, Brazil. The results express the spatial distribution of flood vulnerability and exposure and assess key issues for flood management in different vulnerability categories. Challenges for the integration of socio-environmental approaches in water resources studies are discussed.

摘要

危害作用于脆弱性和暴露程度，从而产生灾害风险。尽管灾害风险评估有所增长，但与灾害建模相比，开展脆弱性和暴露研究的方法数量仍然很少。事实上，有限的研究已经考虑了脆弱性和暴露变量之间的关系，以及这如何在当地范围内改变未来的管理行动。本文提出了一个综合框架，结合社会科学和环境科学来绘制城市地区特定灾害的脆弱性和暴露程度，从而弥补了这一差距。主观（例如参与式方法）和客观方法（例如香农熵和模糊理论）被整合到一个逐像素的框架中，以加强巴西大坎皮纳的洪水管理。结果表达了洪水脆弱性和暴露的空间分布，并评估了不同脆弱性类别中洪水管理的关键问题。讨论了在水资源研究中整合社会环境方法的挑战。