In Turkey as elsewhere, control of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westw.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), relies extensively on the use of insecticides, which can promote the development of insecticide resistance. In this study, resistance to commonly used pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides was investigated using bioassays and biochemical analyses. Full dose-response bioassays using 11 samples of T. vaporariorum from three locations in Turkey disclosed resistance up to 8.1-fold, 16-fold and 11.4-fold for the neonicotinoids acetamiprid, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, respectively. Corresponding figures for pyrethroids were 56.5-fold for cypermethrin and 116.4-fold for deltamethrin. All samples were characterized using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and by measuring non-specific esterase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. There is no positive relationship between esterase activity and resistance pyrethroid or neonicotinoid resistance. It is thought that esterase enzyme activity seen in T. vaporariorum may be at lest partially related to the resistance to insecticides, but it cannot be responsible as a single mechanism. No relationship has been determined between GST activity and resistance to pyrethroids or neonicotinoids. The practical implications of these results for control of whiteflies are discussed.

在土耳其和其他地方一样，控制温室粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum（Westw。）（半翅目：Aleyrodidae）在很大程度上依赖于使用杀虫剂，这些杀虫剂可以促进抗药性的发展。在这项研究中，使用生物测定和生化分析研究了对常用的拟除虫菊酯和新烟碱类杀虫剂的抗药性。使用11种气单胞菌样品进行全剂量反应生物测定来自土耳其三个地区的数据显示，新烟碱类对乙酰氨基吡虫酰胺，吡虫啉和噻虫嗪的抗药性分别高达8.1倍，16倍和11.4倍。拟除虫菊酯的相应数据为氯氰菊酯为56.5倍，溴氰菊酯为116.4倍。所有样品均使用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）并通过测量非特异性酯酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）活性进行表征。酯酶活性与拟除虫菊酯或新烟碱类抗药性之间没有正相关关系。认为在T.vaporariorum中见到的酯酶活性可能至少部分与对杀虫剂的抗性有关，但它不能作为一个单一机制负责。GST活性与拟除虫菊酯或新烟碱类药物的耐药性之间尚未确定任何关系。讨论了这些结果对粉虱防治的实际意义。