Significance: We present a new optical method for modulating cortical activity in multiple locations and across multiple time points with high spatial and temporal precision. Our method uses infrared light and does not require dyes or transgenic modifications. It is compatible with a number of other stimulation and recording techniques. Aim: Infrared neural stimulation (INS) has been largely confined to single point stimuli. In this study, we expand upon this approach and develop a rapidly switched fiber array capable of generation of stimulus patterns. Our prototype is capable of stimulating at nine separate locations but is easily scalable. Approach: Our device is made of commercially available components: a solid-state infrared laser, a piezoelectric fiber coupled optical switch, and 200-μm diameter optical fibers. We validate it using intrinsic optical signal imaging of INS responses in macaque and squirrel monkey sensory cortical areas. Results: We demonstrate that our switched array can consistently generate responses in primate cortex, consistent with earlier single channel INS investigations. Conclusions: Our device can successfully target the cortical surface, either at one specific region or multiple points spread out across different areas. It is compatible with a host of other imaging and stimulation modalities.

中文翻译：

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用于大脑多通道红外神经刺激的光纤阵列

意义：我们提出了一种新的光学方法，用于在多个位置和多个时间点以高空间和时间精度调节皮层活动。我们的方法使用红外光，不需要染料或转基因修饰。它与许多其他刺激和记录技术兼容。目的：红外神经刺激（INS）主要局限于单点刺激。在这项研究中，我们扩展了这种方法并开发了一种能够生成刺激模式的快速切换光纤阵列。我们的原型能够在九个不同的位置进行刺激，但很容易扩展。方法：我们的设备由市售组件制成：固态红外激光器、压电光纤耦合光开关和 200 微米直径的光纤。我们使用猕猴和松鼠猴感觉皮层区域的 INS 反应的内在光学信号成像来验证它。结果：我们证明了我们的开关阵列可以始终如一地在灵长类动物皮层产生反应，这与早期的单通道 INS 研究一致。结论：我们的设备可以成功地瞄准皮质表面，无论是在一个特定区域还是分布在不同区域的多个点。它与许多其他成像和刺激方式兼容。在一个特定区域或分布在不同区域的多个点。它与许多其他成像和刺激方式兼容。在一个特定区域或分布在不同区域的多个点。它与许多其他成像和刺激方式兼容。