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Association between El Niño and extreme temperatures in southern South America in CMIP5 models. Part 1: model evaluation in the present climate
Climate Research ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-22 , DOI: 10.3354/cr01639
S Collazo 1 , M Barrucand 1, 2 , M Rusticucci 1, 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT: Climate variability might temporarily improve or mitigate the effects of increasing global warming. Understanding and estimating internal variability is just as important as understanding the role of anthropogenic forcing, as the combination of both drives climate events in the real world. The objective of this work is to analyze the relationship between the SST of the equatorial Pacific and 4 extreme temperature indices in southern South America considering gridded observational data (HadEX3), reanalyses (ERA-Interim, NCEP1, NCEP2), and global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in the historical period 1979-2005. For this, correlations and quantile regression for the 90th percentile were estimated between the variables. Moreover, to assess the performance of the reanalysis and CMIP5 models, multiple metrics were calculated. The observations showed that warm conditions in the equatorial Pacific are mainly associated with a higher occurrence of warm nights in the north and center of Argentina and Chile in winter and spring. However, the different reanalyses considered in this study showed discrepancies in representing these relationships. Several CMIP5 models were generally able to simulate correlation patterns for the warm extremes of the minimum and maximum temperature in comparison to HadEX3. These types of studies are critical to understanding whether climate models simulate temperature extremes in association with physical processes, providing greater confidence in their future projections.

中文翻译:

在CMIP5模型中,厄尔尼诺现象与南美洲南部极端温度之间的关联。第1部分:当前气候下的模型评估

摘要:气候多变性可能会暂时改善或减轻全球变暖加剧的影响。理解和估计内部变异与理解人为强迫的作用一样重要,因为两者的结合推动了现实世界中的气候事件。这项工作的目的是考虑网格化的观测数据(HadEX3),重新分析(ERA-Interim,NCEP1,NCEP2)和全球气候模型,分析赤道太平洋海温与南美洲南部4个极端温度指数之间的关系。在1979年至2005年这段历史时期的耦合模型比较项目第5阶段(CMIP5)中。为此,在变量之间估计了第90个百分位数的相关性和分位数回归。而且,为了评估重新分析和CMIP5模型的性能,计算了多个指标。观测结果表明,赤道太平洋的温暖状况主要与冬季和春季阿根廷和智利北部和中部发生暖夜的发生有关。但是,本研究中考虑的不同再分析显示了代表这些关系的差异。与HadEX3相比,几种CMIP5模型通常能够模拟最低和最高温度的极端温度的相关模式。这些类型的研究对于了解气候模型是否模拟与物理过程相关的极端温度至关重要,从而为他们的未来预测提供了更大的信心。观测结果表明,赤道太平洋的温暖状况主要与冬季和春季阿根廷和智利北部和中部发生暖夜的发生有关。但是,本研究中考虑的不同再分析显示了代表这些关系的差异。与HadEX3相比,几种CMIP5模型通常能够模拟最低和最高温度的极端温度的相关模式。这些类型的研究对于了解气候模型是否模拟与物理过程相关的极端温度至关重要,从而为他们的未来预测提供了更大的信心。观测结果表明,赤道太平洋的温暖状况主要与冬季和春季阿根廷和智利北部和中部发生暖夜的发生有关。但是,本研究中考虑的不同再分析显示了代表这些关系的差异。与HadEX3相比,几种CMIP5模型通常能够模拟最低和最高温度的极端温度的相关模式。这些类型的研究对于了解气候模型是否模拟与物理过程相关的极端温度至关重要,从而为他们的未来预测提供了更大的信心。本研究中考虑的不同再分析显示了代表这些关系的差异。与HadEX3相比,几种CMIP5模型通常能够模拟最低和最高温度的极端温度的相关模式。这些类型的研究对于了解气候模型是否模拟与物理过程相关的极端温度至关重要,从而为他们的未来预测提供了更大的信心。本研究中考虑的不同再分析显示了代表这些关系的差异。与HadEX3相比,几种CMIP5模型通常能够模拟最低和最高温度的极端温度的相关模式。这些类型的研究对于了解气候模型是否模拟与物理过程相关的极端温度至关重要,从而为他们的未来预测提供了更大的信心。
更新日期:2021-04-22
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