Motivated by various applications in epidemiology, population studies, criminology, etc., the problem of estimating size of a homogeneous human population based on two-sample capture–recapture experiment is considered in this article. The Lincoln–Petersen estimate, assuming independence between the samples, is widely used though often its relevance is unanimously criticized. Time and behavioural response variation model (denoted by $M_{\mathrm{tb}}$) is the most suitable here. Effect of model mis-specification on the Lincoln–Petersen estimate is studied in terms of efficiency and robustness. We study the accuracy and efficiency of this estimator under existence of dependence between the samples. This article shows that profile-likelihood and its existing modifications fail to make inference from the model $M_{\mathrm{tb}}$. Therefore, an adjustment over profile likelihood is newly proposed and evaluated through an extensive simulation study. Finally, two real data sets with different characteristics are analyzed as practical illustrations of the proposed method.

受流行病学、人口研究、犯罪学等各种应用的启发，本文考虑了基于双样本捕获-再捕获实验估计同质人口规模的问题。假设样本之间具有独立性，Lincoln-Petersen 估计被广泛使用，尽管其相关性经常受到一致批评。时间和行为反应变化模型（表示为${米}_{\mathrm{结核病}}$) 最适合这里。在效率和稳健性方面研究了模型错误指定对 Lincoln-Petersen 估计的影响。我们在样本之间存在依赖关系的情况下研究该估计器的准确性和效率。本文表明 profile-likelihood 及其现有修改无法从模型中进行推断${米}_{\mathrm{结核病}}$. 因此，通过广泛的模拟研究新提出并评估了对轮廓可能性的调整。最后，分析了两个具有不同特征的真实数据集，作为所提出方法的实际说明。