For the first time, the thermal decomposition behavior of heterogeneous mixtures of ammonium perchlorate (AP) with two organic additives – 4, 4’-Bipyridine, and biphenyl – were investigated. The heterogeneous mixtures of the additives and ammonium perchlorate were prepared by dissolving 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mg of the organic additives and 100 mg ammonium perchlorate in 2 ml of methanol as solvent. After that, the thermal decomposition behavior of prepared solid heterogeneous mixtures was monitored by thermogravimetry analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and mass spectrometry analysis. The effect of the 4, 4’-Bipyridine on thermal decomposition of AP enhanced the released heat from 479 to 1842 J g⁻¹ and produced a decrease of decomposition temperature from 433 °C to 308 °C while the thermal decomposition of AP in the presence of biphenyl did not change as dramatically as it did with 4, 4’-Bipyridine. With biphenyl, the decomposition temperature was found to be similar to that of pure AP and the evolved heat was about 718 J g⁻¹. The gaseous products of decomposition of 4, 4’-Bipyridine /ammonium perchlorate were monitored by mass spectrometric analysis. The main evolved decomposition gases of pure AP are N₂O, O₂, Cl₂, ClO, ClO₂, ClO₃, HClO₄, and HCl, while the major gaseous products of the 5:100 (w/w) mixture of 4, 4’-Bipyridine with AP were detected as N₂, NO, N₂O, O₂, Cl₂, ClO, ClO₂, ClO₃, HClO₄, HCl and 4, 4’-Bipyridine. The change in the composition of volatile products indicates a change in the mechanism of AP decomposition from proton transfer to electron transfer in the presence of 4, 4’-Bipyridine.

中文翻译：

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有机添加剂对高氯酸铵热性能的影响：优 4, 4'-联吡啶与劣联苯

首次研究了高氯酸铵 (AP) 与两种有机添加剂（4, 4'-联吡啶和联苯）的异质混合物的热分解行为。通过将 1、2、3、4 和 5 毫克有机添加剂和 100 毫克高氯酸铵溶解在 2 毫升作为溶剂的甲醇中，制备添加剂和高氯酸铵的非均相混合物。之后，通过热重分析、差示扫描量热法和质谱分析监测制备的固体非均相混合物的热分解行为。4, 4'-联吡啶对AP热分解的影响将释放的热量从479提高到1842 J g ^-1并导致分解温度从 433 °C 降低到 308 °C，而在联苯存在下 AP 的热分解变化没有 4, 4'-联吡啶那么显着。对于联苯，发现分解温度与纯 AP 的分解温度相似，放出的热量约为 718 J g ^-1。4, 4'-联吡啶/高氯酸铵分解的气态产物通过质谱分析监测。纯AP的主要分解气体为N ₂ O、O ₂、Cl ₂、ClO、ClO ₂、ClO ₃、HClO ₄和 HCl，而 4, 4'-联吡啶与 AP 的 5:100 (w/w) 混合物的主要气态产物被检测为 N ₂、NO、N ₂ O、O ₂、Cl ₂、ClO、ClO ₂、ClO ₃、HClO ₄、HCl 和 4, 4'-联吡啶。挥发性产物组成的变化表明，在 4, 4'-联吡啶存在下，AP 分解的机制发生了从质子转移到电子转移的变化。