Previous studies have demonstrated the possibility that when people are in standing rather than sitting postures, they have a stronger cognitive control propensity, making them inclined to agree more to sacrificing one innocent person and saving more people. Furthermore, this postural effect can be moderated by dual processes. In three studies, participants read dilemma scenarios followed by a proposed behavior to sacrifice one innocent person and save five or more people. The participants in sitting or standing postures were asked whether the described action was morally acceptable (moral judgment) and whether they would perform the described action (moral action). The results demonstrated that participants were more approving of the behavioral proposal in the moral action perspective than in the moral judgment perspective across the three studies. The hypothesized postural effect was found in a field study (Study 1) and replicated in a preregistered replication study (Study 2), and was further supported in an experimental study (Study 3). Compared with those in sitting postures, participants in standing postures expressed higher approval of the behavioral proposal compared to their sitting counterparts. Furthermore, the postural effect was dismissed when participants made moral decisions with a dual task to increase cognitive load, and it was reversed when they made moral decisions after deliberate consideration of the behavioral proposal (Study 3). The present research supports and extends the dual-process morality theory by demonstrating that body posture can affect moral decision-making; it also offers novel evidence revealing the moderating role of dual process on embodiment effects. It enriches our knowledge that morality is evolutionarily embodied in postures and that the dual process can moderate embodiment effects.

中文翻译：

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站起来行动：道德困境决策的姿势效应和双重过程的调节作用

先前的研究表明，当人们处于站立而不是坐姿时，他们具有更强的认知控制倾向，使他们更倾向于牺牲一个无辜的人并拯救更多的人。此外，这种姿势效应可以通过双重过程来缓和。在三项研究中，参与者阅读了困境情景，然后提出了牺牲一个无辜者并拯救五个或更多人的行​​为。询问坐姿或站姿的参与者所描述的行为是否在道德上可接受（道德判断）以及他们是否会执行所描述的行为（道德行为）。结果表明，在三项研究中，参与者在道德行为角度比在道德判断角度更赞同行为建议。在实地研究（研究 1）中发现了假设的姿势效应，并在预先注册的复制研究（研究 2）中进行了复制，并在实验研究（研究 3）中得到了进一步支持。与坐姿的参与者相比，站姿的参与者对行为建议的认可度高于坐姿的参与者。此外，当参与者做出具有双重任务以增加认知负荷的道德决定时，姿势效应被忽略，而当他们在深思熟虑后做出道德决定时，则相反（研究 3）。本研究通过证明身体姿势可以影响道德决策来支持和扩展双重过程道德理论；它还提供了新的证据，揭示了双重过程对具身效应的调节作用。它丰富了我们的知识，即道德在进化上体现在姿势中，并且双重过程可以缓和体现效果。