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Impact of rice straw management strategies on rice rhizosphere microbiomes
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104036
Vanessa Otero-Jiménez , Jibda del Pilar Carreño-Carreño , Emiliano Barreto-Hernandez , Jan Dirk van Elsas , Daniel Uribe-Vélez

Rice is the third most important crop worldwide. Unfortunately, in most rice-producing countries, crop residues are burned, increasing emissions of greenhouse gases and toxic compounds. Incorporation of rice straw (RS) into the soil, either or not accompanied by a microbial inoculum, may offer a viable alternative. However, the effects of such treatments on soil, including the microbial community structure and function in the next crop cycle, still remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the effect of four different RS management strategies (leaving RS as mulch with or without a microbial inoculum, incorporation of RS into the soil with microbial inoculum, and RS burning) on rice growth and flowering-stage rhizosphere microbiomes. The relevant microbiomes were examined by amplicon sequencing based on the 16S rRNA and ITS1 gene regions. In comparison to the zero situation, all four treatments tended to increase the soil organic carbon content, albeit without significant differences. Furthermore, none of the treatments had major effects on either (rice) crop yield or phytopathogen incidence in the next cycle. However, leaving RS as a mulch incited a decrease in soil pH, and showed a trend of reducing yield by up to 1 ton·ha−1. Moreover, the different RS treatments affected the structures and predicted functions of the bacteriomes and fungomes in the rice rhizosphere. The mulching treatment was associated with an enhanced abundance of Acidobacteria, particularly Bryobacter spp. In contrast, the non-mulch treatments incited raised abundances of GammaProteobacteria, Bacteroidia and Campylobacteria. The rice rhizosphere fungomes, consisting mostly of Ascomycota, were less affected by the treatments, although the microbial inoculum was shown to drive the respective fungome structures.



中文翻译:

稻草管理策略对水稻根际微生物群的影响

水稻是世界上第三重要的农作物。不幸的是,在大多数稻米生产国,农作物残留物被燃烧,从而增加了温室气体和有毒化合物的排放。将稻草(RS)掺入土壤中,无论是否伴有微生物接种物,均可提供一种可行的选择。然而,这种处理对土壤的影响,包括下一种植周期的微生物群落结构和功能,仍然仍然是未知数。在这里,我们研究了四种不同的RS管理策略(将RS覆盖在有或没有微生物接种物的情况下,将RS掺入有微生物接种物的土壤中,以及RS燃烧)对水稻生长和开花期根际微生物群落的影响。通过基于16S rRNA和ITS1基因区域的扩增子测序检查了相关的微生物群。与零情况相比,尽管没有显着差异,所有四种处理都倾向于增加土壤有机碳含量。此外,在下一个周期中,没有一种处理对(稻米)作物产量或植物病原体发病率有重大影响。然而,将RS留作覆盖物会导致土壤pH降低,并表现出单产降低多达1吨·公顷的趋势。-1。此外,不同的RS处理会影响水稻根际细菌和真菌的结构和预测功能。覆盖处理与酸性细菌,特别是杆菌属的丰富度有关。相比之下,非覆盖疗法引起了γ-变形杆菌细菌弯曲杆菌的大量增加。水稻根际真菌(主要由子囊菌组成)受处理的影响较小,尽管已证明微生物接种物可以驱动各自的真菌结构。

更新日期:2021-04-22
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