Abstract

Hydrodynamic problems of a three-phase fluidized bed are considered. The main attention is paid to experimental studies into the process of cooling industrial circulating water in a three-phase layer. An experimental setup was developed and assembled, and its brief description and operating principle are given. Adjustment experiments and experiments with a two-phase fluidized bed were carried out, the main task of which was to determine the dependence on the air velocity in the apparatus of the hydraulic resistance of a dry grate without a nozzle. A series of experiments is described that made it possible to establish the optimal cooling mode for circulating water in an apparatus with a three-phase fluidized bed. The experiment was carried out at both constant and variable irrigation density, and the experiments were repeated at different air velocities. The following parameters of the three-phase fluidized bed were recorded: hydraulic resistance, the rate of onset of fluidization, the rate of entrainment, and the height of the dynamic bed. The results of experimental studies into the fluidization rate and entrainment rate at various ball nozzles and the dependence of the dynamic height of a three-phase fluidized bed on the rate and density of irrigation are presented. Experimental data have been obtained on the pressure drop in a three-phase fluidized bed depending on the air velocity, the rate of the beginning of fluidization of the irrigated bed of the packing, and the rate of flooding of the three-phase fluidized bed as a function of the irrigation density. The analysis of hydrodynamic and thermal processes occurring in a three-phase fluidized bed is carried out, and the main technological parameters for the optimal operation of installations with the specified bed are obtained in relation to solving the problem of cooling the circulating water. The dependence of the expansion of a three-phase fluidized bed on air velocity and irrigation density has been investigated. On the basis of the performed experimental studies, empirical formulas for calculations are derived.

中文翻译：

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用刚性移动喷嘴确定流体层的参数

摘要

考虑了三相流化床的流体动力学问题。主要关注对三相工业循环水冷却过程的实验研究。开发并组装了一个实验装置，并给出了简要说明和工作原理。进行了调节实验和使用两相流化床的实验，其主要任务是确定不带喷嘴的干炉排的水力阻力对设备中空气速度的依赖性。描述了一系列实验，该实验使建立带有三相流化床的设备中循环水的最佳冷却模式成为可能。该实验是在恒定和可变灌溉密度下进行的，并在不同的风速下重复进行实验。记录了三相流化床的以下参数：水力阻力，流化开始速率，夹带速率和动态床高度。给出了对各种球形喷嘴的流化率和夹带率以及三相流化床的动态高度对灌溉速率和密度的依赖性的实验研究结果。已经获得了关于三相流化床中的压降的实验数据，该压降取决于空气速度，填料的灌溉床的流化开始的速率以及三相流化床的溢流速率，例如灌溉密度的函数。对三相流化床中发生的流体动力和热过程进行了分析，并针对解决循环水冷却问题，获得了具有指定床的设备最佳运行的主要技术参数。研究了三相流化床膨胀对空气速度和灌溉密度的依赖性。在进行的实验研究的基础上，得出了用于计算的经验公式。已经研究了三相流化床膨胀对空气速度和灌溉密度的依赖性。在进行的实验研究的基础上，得出了用于计算的经验公式。已经研究了三相流化床膨胀对空气速度和灌溉密度的依赖性。在进行的实验研究的基础上，得出了用于计算的经验公式。