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The Impact of the COVID-19 Movement Restrictions on the Road Traffic in the Czech Republic during the State of Emergency
Journal of Advanced Transportation ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-21 , DOI: 10.1155/2021/6622028
Milan Simunek 1 , Zdenek Smutny 1 , Michal Dolezel 1
Affiliation  

The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has impacted numerous areas of people’s work and free-time activities. This article aims to present the main impacts of the COVID-19 movement restrictions on the road traffic in the Czech Republic, measured during the first epidemic wave, i.e., from 12 March to 17 May 2020. The state of emergency was imposed by the Czech government as a de jure measure for coping with the perceived crisis, although the measure eventually resulted only in a quite liberal de facto form of stay-at-home instruction. Unique country-scale traffic data of the first six months of 2020 from 37,002 km of roads, constituting 66% of all roads in the Czech Republic, were collected and analyzed. For the prediction of the prepandemic traffic conditions and their comparison with the measured values in the period of the state of emergency, a long-term traffic speed prediction ensemble model consisting of case-based reasoning, linear regression, and fallback submodels was used. The authors found out that the COVID-19 movement restrictions had a significant impact on the country-wide traffic. Traffic density was reduced considerably in the first three weeks, and the weekly average traffic speed in all road types increased by up to 21%, expectedly due to less crowded roads. The exception was motorways, where a different trend in traffic was found. In sum, during the first three weeks of the state of emergency, people followed government regulations and restrictions and changed their travel behavior accordingly. However, following this period, the traffic gradually returned to the prepandemic state. This occurred three weeks before the state of emergency was terminated. From a behavioral perspective, this article briefly discusses the possible causes of such discrepancies between de jure and de facto pandemic measures, i.e., the governmental communication strategy related to loosening of movement restrictions, media reality, and certain culture-related traits.

中文翻译:

紧急状态下COVID-19行动限制对捷克共和国道路交通的影响

COVID-19大流行危机已经影响到人们的工作和业余时间活动的许多领域。本文旨在介绍COVID-19行动限制对捷克共和国道路交通的主要影响,这是在第一次流行病潮(即2020年3月12日至2020年5月17日)期间测得的。紧急状态是由捷克共和国施加的政府作为应对感知危机的法律措施,尽管该措施最终只会导致相当自由的事实在家上课的形式。收集并分析了2020年前六个月来自37,002公里道路的独特国家规模交通数据,这些道路占捷克共和国所有道路的66%。为了预测大流行前的交通状况并将其与紧急状态期间的测量值进行比较,使用了基于案例推理,线性回归和后备子模型的长期交通速度预测集成模型。作者发现,COVID-19的出行限制对全国范围的交通产生了重大影响。前三周,交通密度大大降低,所有道路类型的每周平均交通速度提高了21%,这可能是由于拥挤的道路减少了。高速公路是个例外,发现了不同的流量趋势。总之,在紧急状态的前三周中,人们遵守了政府的规定和限制,并相应地改变了其出行行为。但是,在此期间之后,流量逐渐回到大流行前的状态。这发生在紧急状态终止前的三周。从行为的角度,本文简要讨论了此类差异的可能原因。法律上事实上的大流行措施,即与放松行动限制,媒体现实以及某些与文化有关的特征有关的政府传播策略。
更新日期:2021-04-21
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