Over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), lakes as paleoenvironmental archives have been the most extensively investigated for their sensitivities to climate change on different timescales. Well-preserved shoreline and terrace remains surrounding these lakes provide critical geomorphological and sedimentary evidence that can be used to infer past lake levels over geological timescales. These features can offer an analogue for understanding how future lake-levels respond to global warming. In this study, we investigated a series of water level-related depositional profiles around the Selin Co basin from the central TP, by dating 28 samples using K-feldspar luminescence techniques. Combining the obtained chronological data with sedimentological, stratigraphic evidence and differential GPS survey observations, the Holocene history of lake-level fluctuations in Selin Co was inferred. The results show a stable highstand between 10 ka and 7 ka but a striking subsequent lake-level decline. This pattern appears to follow the solar insolation-forced changes in the intensity of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), particularly during the early Holocene. However, such gradual weakening of ISM intensity after the early Holocene may not interpret the dramatically rapid shrinking of Selin Co, implying other components are largely underrecognized driving factors accounting for the effective moisture of lakes in the early Holocene. Here, we argue that the increased meltwater input from glaciers and permafrost, together with increased precipitation, might have resulted in the high lake level at 10–7 ka, as the high summer temperature during the early Holocene induced massive melting water flow into the lake. By 7 ka, the abrupt lake-level drop is likely related to the decreased meltwater owing to decreasing regional temperatures documented from glacier landforms, ice cores and lacustrine sediments. Therefore, we highlight that meltwater from glaciers and permafrost poured into lakes on the central TP, particularly during warm periods on the millennial timescales, might also dominate the Holocene high lake levels.

在青藏高原（TP）上，作为古环境档案的湖泊因其在不同时间尺度上对气候变化的敏感性而被广泛研究。这些湖泊周围保存完好的海岸线和阶地仍然提供了关键的地貌和沉积证据，可用于推断地质时期内过去的湖泊水位。这些功能可以为理解未来的湖泊水位如何响应全球变暖提供一个类似物。在这项研究中，我们通过使用钾长石发光技术对28个样品进行了测年，研究了中部TP处Selin Co盆地周围与水位有关的一系列沉积剖面。将获得的时间数据与沉积学，地层证据和GPS差分观测数据相结合，推论出了Selin Co全新世的湖面涨落历史。结果表明，高水位在10 ka和7 ka之间稳定，但随后出现了明显的湖泊水位下降。这种模式似乎是由于印度夏季风（ISM）强度的日照强迫变化而引起的，特别是在全新世早期。然而，全新世初期ISM强度的这种逐渐减弱可能无法解释Selin Co急剧缩小的现象，这暗示着其他成分在很大程度上未被认识到，这是全新世早期湖泊有效水分的原因。在这里，我们认为，冰川和多年冻土增加的融水输入，加上降水增加，可能导致了10-7 ka的高湖泊水位，全新世初期的夏季高温导致大量融化水流入湖泊。到7 ka时，由于冰川地貌，冰芯和湖相沉积物所记录的区域温度降低，突然的湖面水位下降可能与融水减少有关。因此，我们强调指出，冰川和永久冻土的融化水涌入TP中央的湖泊中，特别是在千年时间尺度上的温暖时期，也可能占全新世高湖水位的主导。