Wet salting preservation is commonly practiced to preserve raw hide/skin which discharges high salinity wastewater during soaking operation of hide/skin processing. The saline wastewater significantly pollutes the environment. In this study, a novel plant-based approach has been made to preserve the goatskin to reduce pollution in tannery wastewater. The Ficus hispida plant leaf paste with a minimal amount of common salt was applied on the flesh side of raw goatskin. Efficacy of the method was evaluated by scrutinizing thermal stability, hair slip, odor, moistness percentage, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, and bacterial count in comparison with the conventional wet salting preservation method for 28 days. Pollution load in the wastewater, for example, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chloride (Cl⁻), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was measured following the APHA method. Results indicate that the novel plant-based method has decreased the pollution load of Cl⁻, TDS, TSS, BOD, and COD in the tannery wastewater by 51.02%, 41.6%, 37.1%, 2.9%, and 14.6%, respectively. Leather produced from the experimentally preserved goatskin illustrates similar physical properties in comparison to the leather produced from conventionally preserved goatskin. The proposed preservation technique of goatskin in combination with lower salt might be an ecological alternative that could decrease the pollution load especially in soaking operation.

中文翻译：

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用于山羊皮保鲜的无花果叶糊：减少制革废水中的污染

湿法盐渍保存通常用于保存生皮/皮，生皮/皮在皮/皮加工的浸泡操作中排放高盐度废水。含盐废水严重污染环境。在这项研究中，采用了一种基于植物的新方法来保护山羊皮，以减少制革废水中的污染。该叶榕将含有少量食盐的植物叶糊涂在生山羊皮的肉面。该方法的有效性通过与传统湿盐腌保存方法相比较 28 天的热稳定性、发滑性、气味、湿度百分比、总凯氏氮和细菌计数来评估。废水中的污染负荷，例如总溶解固体 (TDS)、总悬浮固体 (TSS)、氯化物 (Cl ^- )、生化需氧量 (BOD) 和化学需氧量 (COD) 按照 APHA 方法测量。结果表明，新的基于植物的方法降低了 Cl ^-的污染负荷、TDS、TSS、BOD 和 COD 分别降低了制革废水中的 51.02%、41.6%、37.1%、2.9% 和 14.6%。与由传统保存的山羊皮制成的皮革相比，由实验保存的山羊皮制成的皮革具有相似的物理特性。建议的山羊皮保存技术与低盐相结合可能是一种生态替代方案，可以减少污染负荷，尤其是在浸泡操作中。