ABSTRACT

Blossom-end rot (BER) is a physiological disorder related to calcium (Ca) deficiency in tomato fruits. However, adequate Ca supply is not sufficient to inhibit the BER incidence. The Ni-Ca interaction has increased the Ca content in Ni hyperaccumulators plants. However, studies with commercial plants are still incipient. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Ni-Ca interaction in tomato plants, focusing on yield and incidence of BER. We carried out two trials. The first trial two Ca doses was used: sufficient Ca 0.70 g kg⁻¹ (Ca S) and deficient Ca 0,35 g kg⁻¹ (Ca D) and; four Ni doses applied via substrate (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and; 2.0 mg kg⁻¹). In the second trial, the same Ca doses of the first trial and four doses of Ni (0.0; 0.08; 0.42 and; 0.84 mM) applied, via foliar, at the beginning of flowering were used. We verified that the Ni-Ca interaction increased the tomato fruits yield, the shoot calcium accumulation reduced the BER incidence and increased the time of fruit color change (green to red). Even under stressed conditions such as a low Ca availability. Both Ni application ways showed positive results for fruit yield and decreased BER incidence.

摘要

花尾腐烂（BER）是一种与番茄果实中钙（Ca）缺乏有关的生理疾病。然而，足够的 Ca 供应不足以抑制 BER 的发生。Ni-Ca 相互作用增加了 Ni 超富集植物中的 Ca 含量。然而，对商业植物的研究仍处于初期阶段。这项工作的目的是评估 Ni-Ca 相互作用对番茄植株的影响，重点是 BER 的产量和发生率。我们进行了两次试验。第一个试验使用了两个 Ca 剂量：充足的 Ca 0.70 g kg ^-1 (Ca S) 和不足的 Ca 0.35 g kg ^-1 (Ca D) 和；通过基底施加四次 Ni 剂量（0.0；0.5；1.0 和；2.0 mg kg ^-1）。在第二次试验中，使用与第一次试验相同的 Ca 剂量和在开花开始时通过叶面施用的四剂量 Ni（0.0；0.08；0.42 和；0.84 mM）。我们验证了 Ni-Ca 相互作用增加了番茄果实产量，茎钙积累降低了 BER 发生率并增加了果实颜色变化（从绿色变为红色）的时间。即使在诸如低钙可用性等压力条件下。两种 Ni 施用方式均显示出对果实产量和降低 BER 发生率的积极影响。