Previous studies conducted in the USA indicate that people associate numbers with gender, such that odd numbers are more likely to be characterized as male and even numbers as female. It has been argued that this number gendering is probably acquired through social learning and conditioning, where dominant, fundamental cultural values influence the nature of the gender associations made with numbers. However, the incidence of number gendering in “non-Western” cultures outside the USA remains to be fully established. Against this background, the primary purpose of this study was to determine whether people from a culture and country very different from the USA (specifically, native Arabic citizens living in the Arabic culture of the United Arab Emirates) also associate odd and even numbers with gender. To investigate this issue, we adopted the Implicit Association Test used frequently in previous research, where associations between male and female faces and odd and even numbers were examined using both Arabic male and Arabic female participants native to, and resident in, the UAE. The findings indicated that the association of numbers with gender does indeed occur in Arabic culture. But while Arabic females associated odd numbers with male faces and even numbers with female faces (resembling the pattern of previous research in the USA), Arabic males showed the opposite pattern of gender associations. These findings are consistent with the view that number-gendering is a widespread phenomenon that exists across very different cultures but suggest that the pattern of number gendering may change across cultures and gender. Further implications for understanding the association of numbers with gender in human societies are discussed.

中文翻译：

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奇数和偶数的性别感知：来自阿拉伯文化的内隐联想研究

先前在美国进行的研究表明，人们将数字与性别相关联，因此，奇数更有可能被表征为男性，而偶数则被视为女性。有人认为，这种性别数字化可能是通过社会学习和适应而获得的，在这种社会学习和环境中，占主导地位的基本文化价值观影响着与数字形成的性别联系的性质。但是，在美国以外的“非西方”文化中性别性别化的发生率仍有待完全确定。在此背景下，本研究的主要目的是确定与美国完全不同的文化和国家的人们（特别是生活在阿拉伯联合酋长国阿拉伯文化中的阿拉伯土著居民）是否也将奇偶数字与性别相关联。为了调查这个问题，我们采用了以前研究中经常使用的隐式关联测试，其中使用阿拉伯联合酋长国居民和居住在阿拉伯联合酋长国的阿拉伯男性和阿拉伯女性参与者检查了男性和女性面部之间以及偶数和偶数之间的关联。调查结果表明，数字与性别之间的联系确实存在于阿拉伯文化中。但是，尽管阿拉伯女性将奇数与男性面孔相关联，而偶数与女性面孔相关联（类似于美国先前的研究模式），但阿拉伯男性却表现出相反的性别关联模式。这些发现与以下观点一致：数字性别化是一种非常普遍的现象，存在于非常不同的文化中，但表明数字性别化的模式可能会在不同文化和性别之间发生变化。