Astragalus brachypterus Fischer (milkvetch) is a perennial medicinal plant in the family Fabaceae. Astragalus species have been utilized as antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anti-diabetic, and diuretic for centuries in folk medicine. Objectives of this study were to determine an in vitro regeneration system for A. brachypterus and then to compare phenolic constituents of in vitro-raised and naturally raised leaves. Various plant explants (leaf, petiole, stem, and node) were taken from sterile seedlings that were obtained from germinated seeds. The explants were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different cytokinins (benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), and thidiazuron (TDZ)), auxins (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)), and gibberellic acid (GA₃) at various concentrations. Regeneration was obtained only with explants containing preexisting meristem (node). The highest mean number (29.16 ± 4.91) and frequency of shoot proliferation (100%) were obtained with nodal explants on MS medium containing 3.0 mg L⁻¹ BA, 1.0 mg L⁻¹ IAA, and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ GA₃ (P ≤ 0.05). Regenerated shoots were transferred to rooting medium and root formation was only observed with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ IAA after 6 wk. At the second stage of the study, methanolic extracts of in vitro-raised and field-raised leaves of A. brachypterus were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization multistage tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Although naturally raised leaves contained higher amount of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, isorhamnetin, myricetin, quercetin, rutin hydrate, and vanillic acid, in vitro-raised leaves had higher amount of luteolin and apigenin. It was observed that A. brachypterus leaves were remarkable source of rutin hydrate. This study provides highly efficient method for the conservation of germplasm and mass multiplication of A. brachypterus, and helps to reveal the quality of in vitro-grown plants in terms of phenolic content production for biotechnological and commercial purposes.

黄芪（Fischcher）是豆科（Fabaceae）的多年生药用植物。在民间医学中，黄芪已被用作抗病毒药，抗菌药，抗真菌药，抗氧化剂，抗癌药，保肝药，伤口愈合药，抗糖尿病药和利尿药。这项研究的目的是确定曲霉菌的体外再生系统，然后比较体外的酚类成分。-凸起和自然凸起的叶子。各种植物外植体（叶，叶柄，茎和节）取自从发芽种子中获得的无菌幼苗。将外植体转移到补充了不同细胞分裂素（苄基腺嘌呤（BA），激动素（KIN）和噻二唑酮（TDZ）），植物生长素（吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA），吲哚-3-）的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基中。丁酸（IBA），萘乙酸（NAA）和2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D））和赤霉素（GA ₃）的浓度不同。仅使用含有预先存在的分生组织（节点）的外植体才能获得再生。在含有3.0 mg L ^-1 BA，1.0 mg L ^-1的MS培养基上用结节外植体获得最高平均数（29.16±4.91）和枝条增殖频率（100％）IAA，和0.5毫克的L ^-1 GA ₃（P  ≤0.05）。将再生的芽转移到生根培养基中，仅在6周后用1.0 mg L ^-1 IAA观察到根形成。在研究的第二阶段中，甲醇提取物在体外-raised和的场凸起叶片A. brachypterus通过使用液相色谱-电喷雾离子化的多级串联质谱（LC-ESI-MS / MS）进行分析。尽管自然生长的叶片含有较高量的咖啡酸，绿原酸，没食子酸，异鼠李素，杨梅素，槲皮素，芦丁水合物和香草酸，但离体培养的叶片中木犀草素和芹菜素的含量较高。据观察，A. brachypterus叶子是芦丁水合物的重要来源。这项研究提供了高效的方法的种质和质量乘法的保护A. brachypterus，并有助于揭示的质量体外-grown植物对生物技术和商业目的酚含量的生产方面。