Microgrids have gained significant interest over the last 20 years and are perceived as key components of future power systems. Microgrids are defined as distribution networks with distributed energy resources (DERs) (e.g., distributed generators, storage devices, and controllable loads) operating in a controlled and coordinated way. Moreover, microgrids should have clear electrical boundaries and the ability to operate connected to the main power network or islanded. The coordinated control of microgrid resources increases energy efficiency, minimizes the overall energy consumption, and reduces the environmental impacts of energy production. At the same time, the ability of microgrids to seamlessly transition to islanded operation when upstream network faults occur increases the reliability and resilience of the customer supply. Furthermore, microgrids have been adopted as prominent and viable solutions for rural electrification in developing countries, isolated areas, or areas with weak power transmission infrastructures.

中文翻译：

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防止内部故障的微电网保护：孤岛和互联运营面临的挑战

在过去的20年中，微电网引起了极大的兴趣，并被视为未来电力系统的关键组件。微电网被定义为具有以受控和协调的方式运行的分布式能源（DER）（例如分布式发电机，存储设备和可控负载）的配电网络。此外，微电网应具有明确的电气边界，并具有与主电网或孤岛相连的运行能力。微电网资源的协调控制提高了能源效率，最大程度地降低了总体能源消耗，并减少了能源生产对环境的影响。同时，当发生上游网络故障时，微电网无缝过渡到孤岛运行的能力提高了客户供应的可靠性和弹性。此外，