In this present work, electrochemical detection and quantification of formalin (FAL) trace present in mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) was premeditated using a cerium oxide nanoparticle modified graphite paste electrode (CeO ₂ @GP). Cerium oxide (CeO ₂ ) nanoparticles (nps) were synthesized through the sol-gel technique from cerium nitrate hexahydrate using poly (ethylene glycol) as a capping agent. The prepared CeO ₂ nps were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques which revealed the successful formation of the cubic phase of CeO ₂ having crystallite size 4.84 nm. The prepared CeO ₂ nps were used to modify the graphite paste electrode (bare GP). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques were utilized to study comparative electroanalytical features of the fabricated electrodes. Under optimized experimental conditions, CeO ₂ @GP exhibited a wide linear range from $25~\mu \text{M}$ -1mM and a limit of detection of $1~\mu \text{M}$ . Moreover, CeO ₂ @GP featured high repeatability, reproducibility, and long-term stability. The electrode exhibited high selectivity for FAL in the presence of interferences like ethanol, methanol, formic acid, benzaldehyde, and acetone. CeO ₂ @GP demonstrated exceptional aptitudes in electrochemical behavior when subjected to mushroom extract.

中文翻译：

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一种简单的纳米氧化铈修饰石墨电极，用于电化学检测蘑菇中的甲醛

在本工作中，使用氧化铈纳米粒子修饰的石墨糊状电极（CeO ₂ @GP）对蘑菇（双孢蘑菇）中福尔马林（FAL）中痕量的电化学检测和定量进行了预谋 。 使用聚乙二醇作为封端剂，通过六水合硝酸铈通过溶胶-凝胶技术合成了氧化铈（CeO ₂）纳米颗粒（nps）。使用X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）技术对制得的CeO ₂ nps进行表征，该技术揭示了成功形成具有4.84nm微晶尺寸的CeO ₂的立方相 。制备的CeO ₂nps用于修饰石墨糊状电极（裸GP）。循环伏安法（CV）和差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）技术用于研究所制造电极的比较电分析特征。在优化的实验条件下，CeO ₂ @GP的线性范围从 $ 25〜\ mu \ text {M} $ -1mM和检测限 $ 1〜\ mu \ text {M} $ 。此外，CeO ₂ @GP具有高重复性，再现性和长期稳定性的特点。在存在乙醇，甲醇，甲酸，苯甲醛和丙酮等干扰物的情况下，该电极对FAL表现出高选择性。CeO ₂ @GP在经过蘑菇提取物处理后表现出优异的电化学性能。