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The effects of blue spaces on mental health and associated biomarkers
International Journal of Mental Health Pub Date : 2021-04-20 , DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2021.1910173
Andrew Hermanski 1 , Jean McClelland 2 , Jennifer Pearce-Walker 1 , John Ruiz 3 , Marc Verhougstraete 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Green spaces have been shown to have many benefits for physical and mental health. Recently, blue spaces have been introduced as another field of research and have been suggested to have similar health effects. This scoping review summarized the current state of the knowledge on how blue space exposure (views and visits) affects mental health (depression, anxiety, stress, and associated biomarkers). A keyword search was developed for PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO. Identified articles were then imported into Rayyan and put through a title review, an abstract review, and finally a full-text review. Five articles were found to have direct relevance to the study. Two articles showed that blue space visits had benefits to general mental health and possibly depression. Two studies investigated blue space views, one showing benefits for general mental health and the other showing benefits for depression. One study showed that both blue space views and visits had positive impacts on mental health and that blue space visits had a stronger effect than merely viewing blue spaces. However, no articles discussed mental health-associated biomarkers. These studies all provide evidence that blue space exposure has a positive impact on mental health, but based on the small number of articles there is not enough evidence to conclude measurable changes in biomarker responses. Further areas of research include man-made/urban blue spaces, other mental health outcomes, virtual reality, and their effects on biomarkers.

  • Highlights
  • Views of and visits to blue space improve mental health.

  • Visiting blue space has greater mental health benefits than blue space views.

  • Blue space results in lower depression symptoms.



中文翻译:

蓝色空间对心理健康和相关生物标志物的影响

摘要

绿色空间已被证明对身心健康有很多好处。最近,蓝色空间已被引入作为另一个研究领域,并被认为具有类似的健康影响。该范围审查总结了关于蓝色空间暴露(观看和访问)如何影响心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、压力和相关生物标志物)的知识现状。为 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase 和 PsycINFO 开发了关键字搜索。然后将识别出的文章导入 Rayyan 并进行标题审查、摘要审查,最后是全文审查。发现五篇文章与该研究直接相关。两篇文章表明,蓝色空间访问对一般心理健康和可能的抑郁症有益。两项研究调查了蓝色空间视图,一个显示对一般心理健康的好处,另一个显示对抑郁症的好处。一项研究表明,蓝色空间的看法和访问都对心理健康产生积极影响,并且蓝色空间访问比仅仅查看蓝色空间具有更强的影响。然而,没有文章讨论与心理健康相关的生物标志物。这些研究都提供了证据表明蓝色空间暴露对心理健康有积极影响,但基于少量文章,没有足够的证据得出生物标志物反应发生可测量变化的结论。进一步的研究领域包括人造/城市蓝色空间、其他心理健康结果、虚拟现实及其对生物标志物的影响。一项研究表明,蓝色空间的看法和访问都对心理健康产生积极影响,并且蓝色空间访问比仅仅查看蓝色空间具有更强的影响。然而,没有文章讨论与心理健康相关的生物标志物。这些研究都提供了证据表明蓝色空间暴露对心理健康有积极影响,但基于少量文章,没有足够的证据得出生物标志物反应发生可测量变化的结论。进一步的研究领域包括人造/城市蓝色空间、其他心理健康结果、虚拟现实及其对生物标志物的影响。一项研究表明,蓝色空间的看法和访问都对心理健康产生积极影响,并且蓝色空间访问比仅仅查看蓝色空间具有更强的影响。然而,没有文章讨论与心理健康相关的生物标志物。这些研究都提供了证据表明蓝色空间暴露对心理健康有积极影响,但基于少量文章,没有足够的证据得出生物标志物反应发生可测量变化的结论。进一步的研究领域包括人造/城市蓝色空间、其他心理健康结果、虚拟现实及其对生物标志物的影响。这些研究都提供了证据表明蓝色空间暴露对心理健康有积极影响,但基于少量文章,没有足够的证据得出生物标志物反应发生可测量变化的结论。进一步的研究领域包括人造/城市蓝色空间、其他心理健康结果、虚拟现实及其对生物标志物的影响。这些研究都提供了证据表明蓝色空间暴露对心理健康有积极影响,但基于少量文章,没有足够的证据得出生物标志物反应发生可测量变化的结论。进一步的研究领域包括人造/城市蓝色空间、其他心理健康结果、虚拟现实及其对生物标志物的影响。

  • 强调
  • 对蓝色空间的看法和访问可以改善心理健康。

  • 参观蓝色空间比蓝色空间景观具有更大的心理健康益处。

  • 蓝色空间导致较低的抑郁症状。

更新日期:2021-04-20
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