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Adverse biological effects of ingested polystyrene microplastics using Drosophila melanogaster as a model in vivo organism
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-19 , DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1913684
Eşref Demir 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

The abundant presence and extensive use of polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) has recently become a serious environmental concern, as impact of exposure to these substances on human health remains unknown. While in vitro studies yield data on adverse effect of PSMPs, in vivo approaches are more relevant for risk assessment. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most genetically and experimentally accessible model organisms used in biology as an in vivo model. D. melanogaster was selected as a representative in vivo model organism to examine the genotoxic potential of PSMPs at 5 concentrations of three different sizes namely 4, 10, or 20 µm. In particular, the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART), a scalable, time-efficient in vivo assay developed to study genotoxicity of various compounds in a rapid manner at low costs was used. The third–instar Drosophila larvae were exposed to PSMPs through food at 5 concentrations ranging from 0.01-10 mM. Viability (lethality), larval length, morphological deformations, locomotor activity (climbing behavior), and genotoxic effects were the end-points measured. Exposure to PSMPs at 4, 10, or 20 µm produced significant morphological defects, impaired climbing behavior, and genotoxicity as evidenced by the SMART test demonstrating induction of somatic recombination. Significant increases were observed in the frequency of total spots, suggesting that PSMPs might induce genotoxic activity predominantly via initiation of somatic DNA recombination in a concentration-dependent manner.



中文翻译:

使用黑腹果蝇作为体内模型的摄入聚苯乙烯微塑料的不良生物学效应

摘要

聚苯乙烯微塑料 (PSMP) 的大量存在和广泛使用最近已成为一个严重的环境问题,因为接触这些物质对人类健康的影响仍然未知。虽然体外研究产生了关于 PSMP 不利影响的数据,但体内方法与风险评估更相关。黑腹果蝇是生物学中用作体内模型的在遗传和实验上最容易获得的模型生物之一。黑腹果蝇被选为具有代表性的体内模型生物,以检查三种不同尺寸(4、10 或 20 µm)的 5 种浓度的 PSMP 的遗传毒性潜力。特别是翼体细胞突变和重组试验 (SMART),这是一种可扩展、省时的体内试验,用于以低成本快速方式研究各种化合物的基因毒性。三龄果蝇幼虫通过食物接触 0.01-10 mM 的 5 个浓度的 PSMP。生存力(致死率)、幼虫长度、形态变形、运动活动(攀爬行为)和遗传毒性作用是测量的终点。暴露于 4、10 或 20 µm 的 PSMP 会产生显着的形态缺陷、攀爬行为受损和基因毒性,如 SMART 测试证明诱导体细胞重组。观察到总斑点频率显着增加,表明 PSMP 可能主要通过以浓度依赖性方式启动体细胞 DNA 重组来诱导基因毒性活性。

更新日期:2021-06-11
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