To manage the concerns regarding the energy performance gap in buildings, a structured and longitudinal performance assessment of buildings, covering design through to operation, is necessary. Modelling can form an integral part of this process by ensuring that a good practice design stage modelling is followed by an ongoing evaluation of operational stage performance using a robust calibration protocol. In this paper, we demonstrate, via a case study of an office building, how a good practice design stage model can be fine-tuned for operational stage using a new framework that helps validate the causes for deviations of actual performance from design intents. This paper maps the modelling based process of tracking building performance from design to operation, identifying the various types of performance gaps. Further, during the operational stage, the framework provides a systematic way to separate the effect of (i) operating conditions that are driven by the building’s actual function and occupancy as compared with the design assumptions, and (ii) the effect of potential technical issues that cause underperformance. As the identification of issues is based on energy modelling, the process requires use of advanced and well-documented simulation tools. The paper concludes with providing an outline of the software platform requirements needed to generate robust design models and their calibration for operational performance assessments.

Practical application

The paper’s findings are a useful guide for building industry professionals to manage the performance gap with appropriate accuracy through a robust methodology in an easy to use workflow. The methodological framework to analyse building energy performance in-use links best practice design stage modelling guidance with a robust operational stage investigation. It helps designers, contractors, building managers and other stakeholders with an understanding of procedures to follow to undertake an effective measurement and verification exercise.

中文翻译：

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使用建模和校准从设计到运营管理建筑物的能源性能

为了解决与建筑物能源性能差距有关的问题，有必要对建筑物进行结构化和纵向的性能评估，涵盖从设计到运营的整个过程。通过确保良好的设计阶段建模之后，再通过使用可靠的校准协议对操作阶段的性能进行持续评估，建模可以构成此过程的组成部分。在本文中，我们通过对一栋办公楼的案例研究演示了如何使用一个新的框架来针对运营阶段对良好实践的设计阶段模型进行微调，该框架有助于验证实际性能偏离设计意图的原因。本文描绘了基于建模的过程，该过程可跟踪从设计到运营的建筑性能，并识别各种类型的性能差距。更多，与设计假设相比的实际功能和占用率；以及（ii）导致性能不佳的潜在技术问题的影响。由于问题的确定是基于能量建模的，因此该过程需要使用先进且有据可查的仿真工具。本文最后概述了生成健壮的设计模型所需的软件平台要求及其运行性能评估的校准。

实际应用

本文的发现对于建筑行业专业人士通过易于使用的工作流程中可靠的方法，以适当的精度管理性能差距提供了有用的指导。分析使用中的建筑能源性能的方法框架将最佳实践设计阶段建模指南与可靠的运营阶段调查联系在一起。它可以帮助设计师，承包商，建筑经理和其他利益相关者了解进行有效测量和验证活动所遵循的程序。