Community resilience represents the ability of communities to use their available resources to prepare for, respond to, endure, and recover from extreme events such as floods, economic shocks and disease outbreaks. Despite a wide range of definitions and studies into community resilience, there is a lack of clarity about what community, practice and policy stakeholders understand it to represent, and how communities can practically develop such resilience.

In this article, we present findings from two workshops with a range of stakeholders across communities, policy, academia and the statutory sector to gain an understanding of the current state of knowledge about community resilience to extreme events in the UK, including examples of current practice and how to collaborate better.

From our workshops seven key themes about what makes communities resilient were identified: social ties and connections; experience and shared memory; leadership, engagement and shared responsibility; mind-set, collective thinking, openness to adapt and cultural change; integration, inclusivity, equity and diversity; communications, social support and co-ordination; and training and exercises and identifying local needs.

How we develop resilient communities is by no means straightforward; resilience is not an outcome, rather a process (or perhaps a state of becoming?). However, this study has combined the evidence base on community resilience with qualitative inputs from a range of community, policy and academic stakeholders to provide a novel perspective on what community resilience is and how it can be developed.

社区适应力表示社区使用其可用资源为洪水，经济冲击和疾病暴发等极端事件做准备，响应，忍受和恢复的能力。尽管对社区弹性的定义和研究范围很广，但对于哪个社区，实践和政策利益相关者理解它所代表的含义以及社区如何实际发展这种弹性仍缺乏明确的认识。

在本文中，我们将介绍两个社区，政策，学术界和法定部门的利益相关者参加的两次研讨会的结果，以了解有关社区对英国极端事件的抵御能力的当前知识状态，包括当前做法的示例以及如何更好地合作。

在我们的研讨会上，确定了有关使社区具有复原力的七个关键主题：社会纽带和联系；经验和共享记忆；领导，参与和共同责任；思维定势，集体思维，开放适应和文化变革；一体化，包容性，公平和多样性；沟通，社会支持和协调；培训和练习，并确定当地需求。

我们如何发展适应力强的社区绝非直截了当；韧性不是结果，而是过程（或可能成为一种状态？）。但是，本研究将基于社区适应力的证据与来自一系列社区，政策和学术利益相关者的定性意见相结合，以提供关于什么是社区适应力以及如何发展社区适应力的新颖观点。