The decade of the 2020s promises to be when humanity returns to space beyond Earth orbit, with several nations trying to place astronauts on the Moon, before going further into deep space. As part of such a programme, NASA and partner organisations, propose to build a Deep Space Gateway in lunar orbit by the mid-2020s. This would be visited regularly and offer a platform for science as well as for human activity. Payloads that can be mounted externally on the Gateway offer the chance to, amongst other scientific goals, monitor and observe the dust flux in the vicinity of the Moon. This paper looks at relevant technologies to measure dust which will impact the exposed surface at high speed. Flux estimates and a model payload of detectors are described. It is predicted that the flux is sufficient to permit studies of cometary vs. asteroidal dust and their composition, and to sample interstellar dust streams. This may also be the last opportunity to measure the natural dust flux near the Moon before the current, relatively pristine environment, is contaminated by debris, as humanity’s interest in the Moon generates increased activity in that vicinity in coming decades.

2020年代的十年有望成为人类重返地球轨道以外的太空之时，有几个国家试图在进一步进入深空之前将宇航员安置在月球上。作为该计划的一部分，美国宇航局和合作伙伴组织提议在2020年代中期在月球轨道上建立深空门户。它将定期访问，并为科学和人类活动提供平台。可以外部安装在网关上的有效载荷提供了一个机会，除了其他科学目标外，还可以监视和观察月球附近的尘埃通量。本文着眼于测量灰尘的相关技术，这些灰尘会高速撞击暴露在外的表面。描述了通量估计和检测器的模型有效载荷。据预测，通量足以允许研究彗星与彗星。小行星尘埃及其组成，并采样星际尘埃流。这也可能是在目前相对原始的环境被碎片污染之前测量月球附近自然尘埃通量的最后机会，因为人类对月球的兴趣将在未来数十年内增加该月球附近的活动。