High temperature reservoirs offer a window into the microbial life of the deep biosphere. Sulfate reducing microorganisms have been recovered from high temperature oil reservoirs around the globe and characterized using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. The activities of sulfate reducers contribute to reservoir souring and hydrocarbon degradation among other attracting considerable interest from the oil industry for the last 100 years. The extremes of temperature and pressure shape the activities and distribution of sulfate reducing bacteria and archaea in high temperature reservoirs. This chapter will attempt to summarize the key findings on the diversity and activities of sulfate reducing microorganisms in high temperature reservoirs.

高温水库为深入生物圈的微生物生活提供了一个窗口。硫酸盐还原微生物已从全球的高温油藏中回收，并使用依赖培养和不依赖培养的方法进行表征。在过去的 100 年里，硫酸盐还原剂的活性导致油藏酸化和碳氢化合物降解等引起了石油工业的极大兴趣。温度和压力的极端影响了高温水库中硫酸盐还原菌和古细菌的活动和分布。本章将尝试总结关于高温储层硫酸盐还原微生物多样性和活性的主要发现。