Seeds and nuts not only serve as important food sources for human beings but also exhibit excellent mechanical properties resulting from their extraordinary shell structures. A literature review has been performed on selected hard-shelled seeds, including almond, brazil nut, chestnut, hazelnut, macadamia, pecan, pistachio, and walnut, for their geometrical, mechanical, and microstructural properties of their shells and kernels. It was found that these properties vary between different cultivars and moisture contents. Ashby charts have been created to compare the geometries and rupture energy from different shells and kernels. The results could provide initial hints for the creation of bio-inspired composites as well as the development of equipment to produce high-quality products of hard-shelled seeds.

种子和坚果不仅是人类重要的食物来源，而且由于其非凡的外壳结构而具有出色的机械性能。对精选的硬壳种子进行了文献综述，包括杏仁，巴西坚果，栗子，榛子，澳洲坚果，山核桃，开心果和核桃，因为它们的壳和仁具有几何，机械和微观结构特性。发现这些性质在不同品种和水分含量之间变化。已经创建了Ashby图表，以比较不同壳和内核的几何形状和破裂能。研究结果可能为生物启发性复合材料的创建以及生产高品质硬壳种子产品的设备开发提供初步提示。