Background High trait conscientiousness is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk, and health behaviors are a putative but relatively untested pathway that may explain this association. Purpose To explore the role of key health behaviors (diet, physical activity, substance use, and sleep) as links between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk. Methods In a cross-sectional analysis of 494 healthy, middle-aged working adults (mean age = 42.7 years, 52.6% women, 81.0% White), participants provided self-reports of conscientiousness, physical activity, substance use, diet, and sleep, and wore monitors over a 7-day monitoring period to assess sleep (Actiwatch-16) and physical activity (SenseWear Pro3). Cardiometabolic risk was expressed as a second-order latent variable from a confirmatory factor analysis involving insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and blood pressure. Direct, indirect, and specific indirect effect pathways linking conscientiousness to health behaviors and cardiometabolic risk were examined. Unstandardized indirect effects for each health behavior class were computed separately using bootstrapped samples. Results After controlling for demographics (sex, age, race, and education), conscientiousness showed the predicted, inverse association with cardiometabolic risk. Among the examined health behaviors, objectively-assessed sleep midpoint variability (b = −0.003, p = .04), subjective sleep quality (b = −0.003, p = .025), and objectively-assessed physical activity (b = −0.11, p = .04) linked conscientiousness to cardiometabolic risk. Conclusions Physical activity and sleep partially accounted for the relationship between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk.

中文翻译：

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责任心和心脏代谢风险：使用结构方程模型测试人格健康行为模型

背景 高特质尽责性与较低的心脏代谢风险相关，健康行为是一种假定但相对未经测试的途径，可以解释这种关联。目的 探讨关键健康行为（饮食、身体活动、物质使用和睡眠）作为责任心和心脏代谢风险之间联系的作用。方法 在对 494 名健康的中年在职成年人（平均年龄 = 42.7 岁，52.6% 女性，81.0% 白人）进行的横断面分析中，参与者提供了关于责任心、身体活动、物质使用、饮食和睡眠的自我报告，并在 7 天的监测期内佩戴监测器来评估睡眠 (Actiwatch-16) 和身体活动 (SenseWear Pro3)。心脏代谢风险表示为来自涉及胰岛素抵抗的验证性因素分析的二阶潜变量，血脂异常、肥胖和血压。研究了将责任心与健康行为和心脏代谢风险联系起来的直接、间接和特定间接影响途径。使用自举样本分别计算每个健康行为类别的非标准化间接影响。结果在控制了人口统计数据（性别、年龄、种族和教育）后，尽责性显示出预期的与心脏代谢风险成反比的关系。在检查的健康行为中，客观评估的睡眠中点变异性 (b = -0.003, p = .04)、主观睡眠质量 (b = -0.003, p = .025) 和客观评估的身体活动 (b = -0.11 , p = .04) 将责任心与心脏代谢风险联系起来。