The Late Intermediate period in the south-central Andes is known for the widespread use of open sepulchres called chullpas by descent-based ayllus to claim rights to resources and express idealized notions of how society should be organized. Chullpas, however, were rarer on the coast, with the dead often buried individually in closed tombs. This article documents conditions under which these closed tombs were used at the site of Quilcapampa on the coastal plain of southern Peru, allowing an exploration into the ways that funerary traditions were employed to both reflect and generate community affiliation, ideals about sociopolitical organization, and land rights. After a long hiatus, the site was reoccupied and quickly expanded through local population aggregation and highland migrations. An ayllu organization that made ancestral claims to specific resources was poorly suited to these conditions, and the site's inhabitants instead seem to have organized themselves around the ruins of Quilcapampa's earlier occupation. In describing what happened in Quilcapampa, we highlight the need for a better understanding of the myriad ways that Andean peoples used mortuary customs to structure the lives of the living during a period of population movements and climate change.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁锡华斯河谷的晚期中期丧葬传统、人口聚集和 Ayllu

安第斯山脉中南部的晚期中期以广泛使用称为 chullpas 的开放式墓地而闻名，这些墓地由基于血统的 ayllus 主张资源权利并表达关于如何组织社会的理想化概念。然而，Chullpas 在海岸上更为罕见，死者通常被单独埋葬在封闭的坟墓中。本文记录了在秘鲁南部沿海平原的奎尔卡潘帕遗址上使用这些封闭墓葬的条件，从而探索了葬礼传统被用来反映和产生社区归属感、社会政治组织理想和土地的方式权利。经过长时间的中断后，该地点被重新占领并通过当地人口聚集和高地迁移迅速扩大。一个对特定资源提出祖传要求的 ayllu 组织并不适合这些条件，相反，该地点的居民似乎在 Quilcapampa 早期占领的废墟周围组织起来。在描述基尔卡潘帕发生的事情时，我们强调需要更好地了解安第斯人民在人口流动和气候变化期间使用太平间习俗来构建生活的无数方式。