Abstract

Electric vehicles (EV) are widely seen as a sustainable alternative to gasoline vehicles to decrease emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. However, range anxiety, limited range, long charging time, and insufficient charging infrastructure have affected EVs’ adoption. High-end batteries and chargers can decrease the charging demand and charging time, respectively, and increase the EVs’ market share. Based on a recently developed intercity model, this study investigates the potential impact of different battery and charger technologies on the optimal configuration of charging infrastructure for the Michigan intercity network in 2030. The major contribution of this study is not only considering the effects of a variety of technology advancements on infrastructure requirements but also developing a realistic modeling framework with the consideration of the intercity network of Michigan, using realistic assumptions and parameters calibrated through multiple stakeholders’ meetings. Therefore, the parameters and findings of this study can be used for future studies requiring realistic data. This study finds that the location of charging stations merely depends on the battery capacity while the charging power dictates the required number of chargers. Furthermore, high-tech charging infrastructures showed to be the cheaper option compared to low-tech ones.

摘要

电动汽车 (EV) 被广泛视为汽油汽车的可持续替代品，以减少排放和对化石燃料的依赖。然而，续航里程焦虑、续航里程有限、充电时间长、充电基础设施不足等问题影响了电动汽车的普及。高端电池和充电器可以分别降低充电需求和充电时间，提高电动汽车的市场份额。基于最近开发的城际模型，本研究调查了不同电池和充电器技术对 2030 年密歇根城际网络充电基础设施优化配置的潜在影响。本研究的主要贡献不仅在于考虑各种技术进步对基础设施要求的影响，而且还考虑了密歇根州的城际网络，使用通过多个​​利益相关者会议校准的现实假设和参数开发了一个现实的建模框架。因此，本研究的参数和结果可用于未来需要真实数据的研究。这项研究发现，充电站的位置仅取决于电池容量，而充电功率决定了所需的充电器数量。此外，与低技术的充电基础设施相比，高科技的充电基础设施更便宜。使用通过多个​​利益相关者会议校准的现实假设和参数。因此，本研究的参数和结果可用于未来需要真实数据的研究。这项研究发现，充电站的位置仅取决于电池容量，而充电功率决定了所需的充电器数量。此外，与低技术的充电基础设施相比，高科技的充电基础设施更便宜。使用通过多个​​利益相关者会议校准的现实假设和参数。因此，本研究的参数和结果可用于未来需要真实数据的研究。这项研究发现，充电站的位置仅取决于电池容量，而充电功率决定了所需的充电器数量。此外，与低技术的充电基础设施相比，高科技的充电基础设施更便宜。