Abstract

The process of the ‘residualisation’ of social housing, in terms of residents’ income, employment status and class relative to the rest of the population, is one of the best known trends of the housing system in the UK and in many other nations over the past half century. The idea of residualisation and the presumption of its inevitability have become widely accepted, and formed a negative frame for social housing policy. However Pearce and Vine (2014 Pearce, J. & Vine, J. (2014) Quantifying residualisation: The changing nature of social housing in the UK, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 29, pp. 657–675.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) have shown that in terms of income, the residualisation of social housing in England stopped in 1991. This paper confirms and extends that work using multiple published data sources. These show consistent evidence of convergence over the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s between social tenants and the English national averages in terms of not only income but also employment status and class. Potential explanations, including the restructuring of housing markets, demographic change, and changing labour markets, are briefly explored. Most recently, there some signs that deresidualisation itself may have stopped.

摘要

就居民收入，就业状况和相对于其余人口而言的阶级而言，社会住房的“剩余化”过程是英国和许多其他国家/地区住房体系最广为人知的趋势之一。在过去的半个世纪。剩余化的概念及其必然性的推论已被广泛接受，并形成了社会住房政策的消极框架。然而，皮尔斯和藤（2014 Pearce，J.和Vine，J.（2014年），《量化残差：英国社会住房的变化性质》，《住房与建筑环境学报》，第29期，第657 – 675页。[Crossref]，[Web of Science®]， [Google学术搜索]）显示，就收入而言，英格兰社会住房的剩余化在1991年就停止了。本文使用多个已公开的数据来源确认并扩展了这项工作。这些显示出一致的证据表明，在1990年代，2000年代和2010年代，社会租户和英国国民平均数在收入，就业状况和阶级方面都趋于一致。简要探讨了可能的解释，包括住房市场的重组，人口变化和劳动力市场的变化。最近，有迹象表明去残留化本身可能已经停止。