ABSTRACT

The modification and reuse of defensive features is a form of landscape patrimony, in which the built environment influences practices of warfare over time, redefining or solidifying the peripheries of political entities or communities. Some Classic period (AD 250–900) Maya kingdoms, including the royal dynasty based at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, relied on local governors and communities to defend peripheral areas and buffer zones between adjacent kingdoms. These boundaries, however, were constantly in flux, and different communities would have played variable roles in defence across time. The fortified hilltop site of El Infiernito, Chiapas, Mexico shows evidence of this practice from its founding as a small, Late Preclassic period (300 BC–AD 250) political centre to its reoccupation as a peripheral hamlet in the Piedras Negras kingdom during the Late Classic period (AD 600–900). This archaeological evidence has implications for how peripheral communities participated in regional political conflict.

摘要

防御特征的修改和再利用是景观遗产的一种形式，其中建筑环境随着时间的推移影响战争实践，重新定义或巩固政治实体或社区的外围。一些古典时期（公元 250-900 年）的玛雅王国，包括位于危地马拉彼德拉斯内格拉斯的皇家王朝，依靠当地的总督和社区来保卫相邻王国之间的外围地区和缓冲区。然而，这些边界不断变化，随着时间的推移，不同的社区在防御中扮演着不同的角色。位于墨西哥恰帕斯州 El Infiernito 的坚固山顶遗址显示了这种做法的证据，从它作为一个小型、前古典时期晚期（公元前 300 年至公元 250 年）的政治中心，在古典时期晚期（公元 600 年至公元 900 年）期间，它被重新占领为彼德拉斯内格拉斯王国的外围小村庄。这一考古证据对外围社区如何参与区域政治冲突具有影响。