This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of multiscale geological, petrophysical and rock mechanical data acquired from 35 m of outcrop well core from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Upper Jubaila Formation, Saudi Arabia. In this location the sequence is a typical shallow marine heterogeneous carbonate sequence and a direct analogue to a part of the prolific Arab D reservoir sequence in the subsurface towards the east. Four main lithofacies types were identified with a general shoaling upwards trend, varying from nodular bioturbated peloidal mudstone/wackestone facies to sharp-based intraclast-peloidal, skeletal rudstone/floatstone facies. The mineralogy in the upper section of the well cores is predominantly calcite, while the lower section is also comprised of some dolomite and quartz. Stratiform dedolomitization as a telogenetic overprint is only evident in the upper 18 m of the core and controlled by vertical flow of meteoric fluids. The core plug porosity distribution is lower than that of the subsurface equivalent reservoir zones, and is attributed to meteoric cementation. Thalassinoides burrow features in mudstone and wackestone facies in the upper sections of the core control horizontal permeability distribution at the centimeter to meter-scale. Micrite morphology and dedolomitization appear to be key controls on plug permeability, rock strength and sonic velocity. Based on the trends observed in compressive rock strength, p-wave velocity and plug porosity distributions, the cored section was divided into five main rock mechanical layers. Despite reduced porosity, the average compressive rock strength in the outcrop core is lower than that of the Arab-D subsurface equivalent rocks, indicating overall ‘weakening’ of the rock due to telogenetic processes and surface weathering.

本文对沙特阿拉伯晚侏罗世（基默尼迪安）上朱拜拉组露头井芯35 m采集的多尺度地质，岩石物理和岩石力学数据进行了综合分析。在该位置，该层序是典型的浅海异质碳酸盐层序，并且是向东地下的多产阿拉伯D储层序列的一部分的直接类似物。鉴定出四种主要岩相类型，总体呈浅滩上升趋势，从结核状生物扰动的胶质泥岩/砂岩相到尖锐的碎屑内-胶体状，骨架状的rutstone /浮石相。井芯上部的矿物学主要是方解石，而下部也包括一些白云石和石英。层状脱脱硅作用为胶粒成岩作用的叠印仅在岩心上部18 m明显，并受陨石流体的垂直流动控制。岩心塞的孔隙度分布低于地下等效储层的孔隙度分布，并归因于陨石胶结作用。Thalassinoides在厘米到米级挖洞在核心控制水平渗透率分布的较高区段泥岩和粒泥灰岩相特征。绢云母的形态和去离子作用似乎是控制塞渗透率，岩石强度和声速的关键控制因素。根据观察到的岩石抗压强度，p波速度和塞孔隙率分布的趋势，将有芯剖面分为五个主要岩石力学层。尽管孔隙度降低了，但露头岩心的平均抗压岩石强度却低于阿拉伯-D地下等效岩石的平均抗压强度，表明岩石由于端粒形成过程和地表风化作用而整体“变弱”。