Deep distortions are a new family of memory biases that comprise one of the two basic varieties of false memory. The first and older variety, surface distortions, are specific item or source memories that are erroneous because the events did not happen. The new variety, deep distortions, are emergent properties of multiple specific memories. They are relations among such memories that are false because they violate objective logical rules that real-world events must obey. I discuss four deep distortions for which substantial data have accumulated: overdistribution, super-overdistribution, non-additivity, and impossible conjunctions. These phenomena violate four axioms of classical probability (numerical bound, universal event, additivity, and countable additivity) and two rules that follow from them (empty set and monotonicity). Their psychological significance lies in four facts about them: (a) They demonstrate that although events in the real world are compensatory, our memories of them are not; (b) they establish that we persistently over remember experience; (c) they reveal that surface distortions are by-products of deep distortions; and (d) they pose the theoretical conundrum of how the structure of memory could so thoroughly misrepresent the objective structure of the events we are remembering.

深度扭曲是一种新的记忆偏差系列，包括两种基本类型的错误记忆中的一种。第一个和更老的种类，表面扭曲，是特定的项目或源记忆，因为事件没有发生而错误。新品种，深度扭曲，是多个特定记忆的涌现属性。他们是关系这些记忆是错误的，因为它们违反了现实世界事件必须遵守的客观逻辑规则。我讨论了已经积累了大量数据的四种深度扭曲：过度分布、超级过度分布、不可加性和不可能的连接。这些现象违反了经典概率的四个公理（数值界限、普遍事件、可加性和可数可加性）和遵循它们的两个规则（空集和单调性）。它们的心理意义在于关于它们的四个事实：（a）它们表明，虽然现实世界中的事件是补偿性的，但我们对它们的记忆不是；(b) 他们确定我们总是过度记忆经验；(c) 它们表明表面扭曲是深层扭曲的副产品；