The objectives of this study are to test the penetration depth and determine the soil content in hydrocarbons’ components BTEX, PAHs, and TPH, after vertical movement of crude oil through undisturbed soils of different textures, and to assess their risk. The experiment simulates the fate of oil spills in the cold season. Three soil types were investigated: a sandy-textured eutric Arenosol, AR-eu; a loamy-textured haplic chernozem, CH-ha; and a clayey-textured, swell-shrink, Luvic Chernic Phaeozem, PH-ch-lv. Undisturbed small-scale lysimeters, 0.3 m in diameter and 1 m in length, were used. Crude oil was first applied and then water. TPH, BTEX, and PAH retention in the soils depends on soil texture. PH-ch-lv soil stored most of them in the upper horizons. TPH, BTEX, and PAH were found in different amounts as percentage from the applied ones, TPH as 48% (PH-ch-lv), and > 76% in the other two soils. BTEX was stored as 1.6% from the applied in PH-ch-lv, 5.1–5.1% in CH-ha and AR-eu soils, while PAH ranged from 15.1% in AR-eu soil to 24.8% in PH-ch-lv and 31% in CH-ha. Though subject to volatilization, chemical transformation, and bioremediation, TPH, BTEX, and PAH stored in soils present a health risk if they reach the groundwater. PH-ch-lv appears to be the most resilient soil to oil pollution. The results concern different soil textures and might be used in various countries. Future experimentation should focus on soil behavior in relation to crops, water, and certain crude oil types.

这项研究的目的是在原油通过不同质地的原状土壤垂直运动后，测试渗透深度并确定烃类成分BTEX，PAHs和TPH中的土壤含量，并评估其风险。该实验模拟了寒冷季节漏油的命运。研究了三种土壤类型：沙质的优级Arenosol，AR-eu；沙质的。质朴的触角黑钙石，CH-ha；以及黏土质地，收缩率高的Luvic Chernic Phaeozem，PH-ch-lv。使用直径0.3 m，长度1 m的不受干扰的小型测渗仪。首先施加原油，然后施加水。TPH，BTEX和PAH在土壤中的保留量取决于土壤质地。PH-ch-lv土壤将其大部分存储在较高的视野中。发现TPH，BTEX和PAH的含量与所施加的百分比不同，TPH为48％（PH-ch-lv），在其他两种土壤中> 76％。BTEX的储存量为PH-ch-lv施用量的1.6％，CH-ha和AR-eu土壤为5.1-5.1％，而PAH介于AR-eu土壤的15.1％至PH-ch-lv的24.8％。占CH-ha的31％。尽管易挥发，化学转化和生物修复，但储存在土壤中的TPH，BTEX和PAH到达地下水时会危害健康。PH-ch-lv似乎是最能抵抗石油污染的土壤。结果涉及不同的土壤质地，可能在不同的国家使用。未来的实验应着眼于与作物，水和某些原油类型有关的土壤行为。PH-ch-lv中占8％，CH-ha中占31％。尽管TPH，BTEX和PAH会挥发，化学转化和生物修复，但如果它们到达地下水，则存在健康风险。PH-ch-lv似乎是最能抵抗石油污染的土壤。结果涉及不同的土壤质地，可能在不同的国家使用。未来的实验应着眼于与作物，水和某些原油类型有关的土壤行为。PH-ch-lv中占8％，CH-ha中占31％。尽管易挥发，化学转化和生物修复，但储存在土壤中的TPH，BTEX和PAH到达地下水时会危害健康。PH-ch-lv似乎是最能抵抗石油污染的土壤。结果涉及不同的土壤质地，可能在不同的国家使用。未来的实验应着眼于与作物，水和某些原油类型有关的土壤行为。