Many children who experience serious adversity with their birth family have to be placed in family-based alternatives, such as foster care, or adoption. Caregivers and parents are then expected to show these children nurturing patterns of relating to others through affectionate and stimulating interactions. These are essential for establishing positive bonds within new families. In the present study, we explored the adult-child interactions that took place in 116 families from Spain: 28 long-term non-kin foster families, 34 adoptive families, and a community comparison group made up of 54 families. The interactions between the child and the main caregiver were explored with a micro-analytic approach, which examined in detail the exchange of verbal and non-verbal behaviours in each dyad while they were performing a joint construction task. We sought to analyse these interactions by focusing on the adults’ use of some behaviours that are known to promote a secure attachment. We also aimed to examine the adults’ performances between the different groups. Results revealed that parents and caregivers in every group generally displayed a wide range of attachment-facilitating behaviours. They tended to do this in a consistent and coherent way, developing an interaction pattern that promotes their bonding with the child. Contrasts between the groups indicated that foster and adoptive families showed significant differences in relation to the comparison group, as their use of attachment-facilitating behaviours was higher than that of the community dyads. Given the importance of security, belonging and commitment as key factors in the success of family-based care, implications for interventions regarding the quality of adult-child interactions will be discussed.

许多与出生家庭经历严重逆境的儿童必须被安置在基于家庭的替代方案中，例如寄养或收养。然后，希望照顾者和父母通过亲密而刺激的互动，向这些孩子展示与他人交往的养育方式。这些对于在新家庭中建立积极纽带至关重要。在本研究中，我们探讨了来自西班牙的116个家庭的成年子女互动：28个长期的非亲属寄养家庭，34个收养家庭以及由54个家庭组成的社区比较小组。通过微观分析方法探讨了儿童与主要照料者之间的互动，该方法详细研究了每个双胞胎在执行联合构造任务时口头和非言语行为的交换。我们试图通过关注成年人对某些促进安全依恋的行为的使用来分析这些互动。我们还旨在检查成年人在不同群体之间的表现。结果显示，每个组的父母和照顾者通常表现出广泛的依恋行为。他们倾向于以一致和连贯的方式做到这一点，发展出一种互动方式，促进他们与孩子的联系。两组之间的对比表明，寄养家庭和收养家庭与对照组相比有显着差异，因为他们对依恋促进行为的使用高于社区二代。鉴于安全，归属感和承诺是成功实现家庭护理的关键因素，