Currents in the Baltic Sea are generally weak, but during strong winds they can grow high enough to affect the surface wave propagation and evolution. To evaluate the significance of wave-current interactions in the Baltic Sea, we conducted a study using the wave model WAM, comparing a run without surface currents to one with current forcing from a NEMO hydrodynamical model simulation. The overall changes to the wave field caused by currents were quite small. Changes of over 10 cm in significant wave height (SWH) or 1 s in the peak period (T_p) occurred only in some areas and typically less than 3% of the time. Current refraction changed the SWH annual mean by up to 2 cm, but changes up to 60 cm were seen in the maximum values. T_p had occasionally large changes due to shifts in the peak energy in two-peaked swell and wind-sea spectra. Including currents typically led to a stronger changes in swell energy compared to the changes in wind sea energy. A comparison with a wave buoy in the Gulf of Finland showed that this change in the swell energy improved the accuracy of the simulation in this narrow gulf. Current-induced refraction was most prominent near the coastal areas, where current speed occasionally exceeded 0.3 m/s. In general, SWH decreased in the coastal areas with strong currents and slightly increased in adjacent open sea areas. The current effects were most frequent in the Gulf of Finland, the Western Gotland Basin and the Åland Sea.

波罗的海的水流通常较弱，但在强风中它们会增长得足够高，从而影响面波的传播和演化。为了评估波罗的海中波流相互作用的重要性，我们使用波模型WAM进行了一项研究，将NEMO水动力模型仿真中的无表面电流的运行与带有强迫电流的运行进行了比较。电流引起的波场整体变化很小。仅在某些区域发生有效波高（SWH）超过10 cm的变化，或在高峰期（T _p）发生1 s的变化，通常不到3％的时间。当前的折射将SWH年平均值改变了2 cm，但是最大值出现了60 cm的变化。Ť _p由于在两个峰值的膨胀和风海频谱中峰值能量的移动，偶尔会有很大的变化。与风能的变化相比，包含电流通常会导致膨胀能的变化更大。与芬兰湾的一个浮标进行的比较表明，膨胀能的这种变化提高了在狭窄海湾中模拟的准确性。电流引起的折射在沿海地区最为突出，沿海地区的流速有时超过0.3 m / s。总体而言，在洋流强烈的沿海地区，SWH下降，而在邻近的公海地区，SWH略有上升。当前的影响最常见于芬兰湾，哥得兰岛西部盆地和奥兰海。