The fact that a behavior can be instrumental for multiple goals does not logically entail that people are typically propelled into action for multiple reasons. On the contrary, goal-directed behavior in the real world is, in a given instance, aimed at one focal goal. In this article, I present the Campbell paradigm, in which a particular behavior is controlled by a single reason or goal. To identify the very reason (i.e. the focal goal behind a goal-directed behavior) and its motivating force, psychologists need to consider behavior-specific costs and whether other behaviors that are also instrumental for attaining the specific goal are realized as well. I situate my presentation in the context of climate change mitigation.

行为可以促进多个目标的事实在逻辑上并不意味着人们通常出于多种原因而被迫采取行动。相反，在给定的情况下，现实世界中以目标为导向的行为是针对一个重点目标的。在本文中，我介绍了坎贝尔范式，其中特定的行为由单个原因或目标控制。为了确定真正的原因（即，目标导向行为背后的焦点目标）及其动机，心理学家需要考虑特定于行为的成本，以及是否也实现了有助于实现特定目标的其他行为。我将我的演讲放在缓解气候变化的背景下。