The majority of patients with Crohn's disease and a proportion of patients with ulcerative colitis will ultimately require surgical treatment despite advances in diagnosis, therapy, and endoscopic interventions. The surgical procedures that are most commonly done include bowel resection with anastomosis, strictureplasty, faecal diversion, and ileal pouch. These surgical treatment modalities result in substantial alterations in bowel anatomy. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, endoscopy plays a key role in the assessment of disease activity, disease recurrence, treatment response, dysplasia surveillance, and delivery of endoscopic therapy. Endoscopic evaluation and management of surgically altered bowel can be challenging. This consensus guideline delineates anatomical landmarks and endoscopic assessment of these landmarks in diseased and surgically altered bowel.

尽管在诊断、治疗和内窥镜干预方面取得了进步，但大多数克罗恩病患者和一部分溃疡性结肠炎患者最终将需要手术治疗。最常进行的外科手术包括肠切除吻合术、狭窄成形术、粪便改道和回肠袋。这些手术治疗方式导致肠道解剖结构的重大改变。在炎症性肠病患者中，内窥镜检查在评估疾病活动性、疾病复发、治疗反应、发育不良监测和内窥镜治疗的实施方面起着关键作用。手术改变肠道的内窥镜评估和管理可能具有挑战性。