This paper reviews individual cases of the relationships between variations of solar wind parameters and variations of the DC vertical atmospheric electric field, \(E_z\), and current density, \(J_z\), measured at ground level in the Arctic, at the S. Siedlecki Polish Polar Station Hornsund, Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway), and at the mid-latitude S. Kalinowski Geophysical Observatory in Swider (Poland). A considerable number of events from Hornsund confirmed previous observations of regularity of effects related to the station’s position against the location of the potential bays of ionospheric convection and polar electrojets, observed in other polar locations, as well as effects of other polar cap current systems. This allowed us to conclude that the physical dependence of ground-level \(E_z\) and \(J_z\) on solar wind changes produce measurable effects which do not require statistical analysis to be observed. We can also expect that the dependence does exist, especially in strongly disturbed circumstances, e.g., following solar flares and Earth-directed coronal mass ejections, at middle latitudes. However, further investigations of these physical relationships by this approach are practically almost impossible since a very large number of variable parameters simultaneously affect the recorded lower atmospheric variables. In addition, results of quantitative analysis of predicted and observed effects are not satisfactory. Future research studies require more efficient ways of investigation by theoretical treatment and modelling work using existing and novel observational data besides taking advantage of scientific progress in magnetospheric physics.

本文回顾了太阳风参数变化与直流垂直大气电场\（E_z \）和电流密度\（J_z \）之间关系的个别情况，是在北极，斯匹次卑尔根的S.Siedlecki波兰极地站，挪威的斯潘贝根以及中纬度的S.Kalinowski地球物理天文台在Swider（波兰）的地平面上测量的。Hornsund发生的大量事件证实了先前观测到的与台站位置相关的影响与电离层对流和极地电喷的潜在海湾位置相关的规律性，以及在其他极地位置观测到的影响，以及其他极地上限电流系统的影响。这使我们可以得出结论，地平面\（E_z \）和\（J_z \）的物理依赖性太阳风的变化会产生可测量的效果，不需要进行统计分析。我们还可以期望确实存在这种依赖性，特别是在强烈干扰的情况下，例如在中纬度发生太阳耀斑和地球定向冠冕物质抛射之后。但是，通过这种方法对这些物理关系的进一步研究实际上几乎是不可能的，因为大量的可变参数会同时影响所记录的较低的大气变量。另外，对预测和观察到的效果进行定量分析的结果也不令人满意。