Matched field inversion (MFI) has been studied extensively in shallow water environments to invert for the geoacoustic parameters using a vertical or horizontal linear array (VLA/HLA). Deploying VLA/HLA at sea is not easy, which limits the use of MFI in practice for large-area surveys. In the future, many inexpensive transceivers will likely be deployed in the ocean forming distributed networks. Geoacoustic parameters could potentially be inverted from signals received on the distributed sensors from distributed sources, such as that generated by a towed source or passing by ships, referred to as a multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) system. The data from each source can be processed like a virtual HLA; different virtual HLA geometries are generated for different source locations, providing propagation data along different azimuthal angles, referred to as spatial diversity. The signals between the distributed receivers may not be synchronized, hence only the frequency cost function will be used. The inversion performances using the MIMO system are evaluated using simulated data to compare with that obtained using the traditional methods with a VLA/HLA. Practical applications of this method are proposed. Some technical issues are studied using the Shallow Water 2006 data.

中文翻译：

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使用分布式源和接收器的空间多样性和地声反演

匹配场反演（MFI）已在浅水环境中进行了广泛研究，以使用垂直或水平线性阵列（VLA / HLA）来反演地声参数。在海上部署VLA / HLA并不容易，这实际上限制了MFI在大面积调查中的使用。将来，很可能会在海洋中部署许多廉价的收发器，形成分布式网络。地声参数可能会从分布式传感器上接收到的来自分布式源的信号（例如，由拖曳源生成或由船舶经过的信号）反转，称为多输入多输出（MIMO）系统。来自每个源的数据可以像虚拟HLA一样进行处理。针对不同的源位置生成了不同的虚拟HLA几何形状，从而提供了沿不同方位角的传播数据，称为空间多样性。分布式接收器之间的信号可能不同步，因此将仅使用频率成本函数。使用仿真数据评估使用MIMO系统的反演性能，并将其与使用VLA / HLA的传统方法获得的反演性能进行比较。提出了该方法的实际应用。使用“浅水2006”数据研究了一些技术问题。