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Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata population decline at a nickel-mining site: a critical need for adapted conservation strategies
Bird Conservation International ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-16 , DOI: 10.1017/s0959270921000113
ANGÉLIQUE PAGENAUD , KAREN BOURGEOIS , SYLVAIN DROMZÉE , MARTIN THIBAULT , GUILLAUME CHAGNEAU , NICOLAS BARRÉ , ÉLODIE BOUYÉ , VINCENT CHARTENDRAULT , NICOLAS DELELIS , JULIEN DIJOUX , MAGALIE PATROIS , JÉRÔME SPAGGIARI , ÉRIC VIDAL

New Caledonia hosts a large part of the world’s breeding population of the Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata. This rare, cryptic and little-studied seabird nests locally in the mountains up to 1,200 m in altitude, particularly in ultramafic (i.e. nickel-rich) areas where mining activity is a major threat. The considerable development of mining activities in New Caledonia over the past decade raises concerns about its potential impacts on breeding populations through both direct habitat destruction and side effects such as pollution or repeated disturbances. This context calls for a dedicated assessment of the persistence of local populations to guide the design of an adapted conservation strategy and potential restoration programmes. We investigated the impact of mining activities on a Tahiti Petrel population when surveyed pre-mining (2004–2007) and following a period of full mining (2017–2018). The vocal activity was assessed at a total of 114 night-call count stations spread over the Koniambo massif. Areas with ground-originated vocal activity were then searched during daytime for nesting evidence. Finally, georeferenced aerial photos were used to estimate habitat degradation as the percentage of bare soil cover (PBSC) within a 400-m radius around each call count station. Our study revealed a dramatic decline in the Tahiti Petrel vocal activity and a desertion of breeding habitats during the full-mining period compared to the pre-mining period. In light of these results, we recommend designing safe breeding areas and combining restoration methods including social attraction, predation control and artificial burrows at mining sites.



中文翻译:

大溪地海燕 Pseudobulweria rostrata 种群在镍矿开采点下降:迫切需要适应保护策略

新喀里多尼亚拥有世界上大部分的大溪地海燕Pseudobulweria rostrata繁殖种群. 这种罕见的、神秘的和很少被研究的海鸟在海拔 1,200 m 的山区局部筑巢,特别是在采矿活动是主要威胁的超镁铁质(即富含镍)地区。在过去十年中,新喀里多尼亚采矿活动的显着发展引发了人们对其通过直接栖息地破坏和污染或反复干扰等副作用对繁殖种群的潜在影响的担忧。在这种情况下,需要对当地人口的持久性进行专门评估,以指导设计经过调整的保护战略和潜在的恢复计划。我们调查了采矿前(2004-2007 年)和全面采矿期(2017-2018 年)之后采矿活动对大溪地海燕种群的影响。在 Koniambo 地块上总共 114 个夜间呼叫计数站对声音活动进行了评估。然后在白天搜索具有地面起源的声音活动的区域以寻找筑巢证据。最后,使用地理参考航拍照片来估计栖息地退化,即每个呼叫计数站周围 400 米半径内裸土覆盖 (PBSC) 的百分比。我们的研究显示,与开采前相比,在全开采期间,大溪地海燕的发声活动急剧下降,繁殖栖息地被遗弃。鉴于这些结果,我们建议设计安全的繁殖区,并结合包括社会吸引力、捕食控制和矿区人工洞穴在内的恢复方法。然后在白天搜索具有地面起源的声音活动的区域以寻找筑巢证据。最后,使用地理参考航拍照片来估计栖息地退化,即每个呼叫计数站周围 400 米半径内裸土覆盖 (PBSC) 的百分比。我们的研究显示,与开采前相比,在全开采期间,大溪地海燕的发声活动急剧下降,繁殖栖息地被遗弃。鉴于这些结果,我们建议设计安全的繁殖区,并结合包括社会吸引力、捕食控制和矿区人工洞穴在内的恢复方法。然后在白天搜索具有地面起源的声音活动的区域以寻找筑巢证据。最后,使用地理参考航拍照片来估计栖息地退化,即每个呼叫计数站周围 400 米半径内裸土覆盖 (PBSC) 的百分比。我们的研究显示,与开采前相比,在全开采期间,大溪地海燕的发声活动急剧下降,繁殖栖息地被遗弃。鉴于这些结果,我们建议设计安全的繁殖区,并结合包括社会吸引力、捕食控制和矿区人工洞穴在内的恢复方法。地理参考航拍照片用于估计栖息地退化,即每个呼叫计数站周围 400 米半径内裸土覆盖 (PBSC) 的百分比。我们的研究显示,与开采前相比,在全开采期间,大溪地海燕的发声活动急剧下降,繁殖栖息地被遗弃。鉴于这些结果,我们建议设计安全的繁殖区,并结合包括社会吸引力、捕食控制和矿区人工洞穴在内的恢复方法。地理参考航拍照片用于估计栖息地退化,即每个呼叫计数站周围 400 米半径内裸土覆盖 (PBSC) 的百分比。我们的研究显示,与开采前相比,在全开采期间,大溪地海燕的发声活动急剧下降,繁殖栖息地被遗弃。鉴于这些结果,我们建议设计安全的繁殖区,并结合包括社会吸引力、捕食控制和矿区人工洞穴在内的恢复方法。

更新日期:2021-04-16
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