In the present study, the effect of crossflow transition on the rotor blade performance in hover was investigated numerically. The simulations were conducted for the Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) rotor in hover by using a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver based on unstructured meshes. The $k-\omega$ SST model was used for simulating the turbulent flow fields and for calculating the turbulent eddy viscosity. For predicting the laminar-turbulent onset phenomena involving crossflow-induced transition, the $\gamma -{\mathit{Re}}_{\theta t}-{\mathit{CF}}^{+}$ transition model was adopted. For the comparison of the transition locations without considering the crossflow transition effect, simulations were also carried out using the $\gamma -{\mathit{Re}}_{\theta t}$ transition model. The calculations were made for the PSP rotor at collective pitch angles from four to 12 degrees with an interval of two degrees. To investigate the effect of blade tip Mach number, two blade tip Mach numbers of 0.585 and 0.65 were tested. The predicted results such as the transition onset location and the rotor aerodynamic performance in terms of thrust coefficient, torque coefficient and figure of merit were compared with experimental data. It was found that proper consideration of the effect of crossflow transition is critical for the accurate prediction of the laminar-turbulent transition onset location on rotor blades. The figure of merit also compares better with the experimental data when the effect of laminar-turbulent transition is included. With the addition of the crossflow transition, the figure of merit is slightly decreased, particularly at low thrust levels.

在本研究中，数值研究了横流过渡对悬停时转子叶片性能的影响。使用基于非结构化网格的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）求解器对悬停的压敏涂料（PSP）转子进行了仿真。这$ķ-\omega$ SST模型用于模拟湍流场和计算湍流涡流粘度。为了预测涉及横流引起的过渡的层流湍流现象，$\gamma -{\mathit{关于}}_{\theta Ť}-{\mathit{碳纤维}}^{+}$过渡模型被采用。为了在不考虑横流过渡效应的情况下比较过渡位置，还使用$\gamma -{\mathit{关于}}_{\theta Ť}$过渡模型。对于PSP转子，以4至12度（间隔为2度）的总螺距角进行了计算。为了研究叶片尖端马赫数的影响，测试了两个叶片尖端马赫数分别为0.585和0.65。将预测结果（例如过渡起始位置和转子的空气动力学性能），推力系数，扭矩系数和品质因数与实验数据进行了比较。已经发现，正确地考虑横流过渡的影响对于准确预测转子叶片上的层流湍流过渡开始位置至关重要。当包括层流湍流转换的影响时，品质因数也与实验数据更好地进行了比较。加上错流过渡，