The wellbeing of modern societies is dependent upon the functioning of their infrastructure networks. This paper introduces the 3C concept, an integrative multi-system and multi-stakeholder optimization approach for managing infrastructure interventions (e.g., maintenance, renovation, etc.). The proposed approach takes advantage of the benefits achieved by grouping (i.e., optimizing) intervention activities. Intervention optimization leads to substantial savings on both direct intervention costs (operator) and indirect unavailability costs (society) by reducing the number of system interruptions. The proposed optimization approach is formalized into a structured mathematical model that can account for the interactions between multiple infrastructure networks and the impact on multiple stakeholders (e.g., society and infrastructure operators), and it can accommodate different types of intervention, such as maintenance, removal, and upgrading. The different types of interdependencies, within and across infrastructures, are modeled using a proposed interaction matrix (IM). The IM allows integrating the interventions of different infrastructure networks whose interventions are normally planned independently. Moreover, the introduced 3C concept accounts for central interventions, which are those that must occur at a pre-established time moment, where neither delay nor advance is permitted. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach, an illustrative example of a multi-system and multi-actor intervention planning is introduced. Results show a substantial reduction in the operator and societal costs. In addition, the optimal intervention program obtained in the analysis shows no predictable patterns, which indicates it is a useful managerial decision support tool.

现代社会的福祉取决于其基础设施网络的功能。本文介绍了3C概念，这是一种用于管理基础结构干预措施（例如，维护，翻新等）的集成多系统和多利益相关方优化方法。所提出的方法利用了通过对干预活动进行分组（即优化）而获得的收益。干预的优化通过减少系统中断的次数，从而大大节省了直接干预成本（运营商）和间接不可用性成本（社会）。拟议的优化方法被正式化为结构化的数学模型，该模型可以说明多个基础设施网络之间的相互作用以及对多个利益相关者（例如，社会和基础设施运营商）的影响，并且可以适应不同类型的干预措施，例如维护，拆除和升级。使用建议的交互矩阵（IM）对基础结构内部和基础结构之间的不同类型的相互依赖性进行建模。IM允许集成通常独立计划其干预措施的不同基础设施网络的干预措施。此外，引入的3C概念考虑了中央干预，即那些必须在既定时间进行的中央干预，不允许延迟或提前。为了证明所提出方法的适用性，介绍了一个多系统和多参与者干预计划的说明性示例。结果表明，运营商和社会成本大大降低了。此外，