Quantum computing hardware technologies have advanced during the past two decades, with the goal of building systems that can solve problems that are intractable on classical computers. The ability to realize large-scale systems depends on major advances in materials science, materials engineering, and new fabrication techniques. We identify key materials challenges that currently limit progress in five quantum computing hardware platforms, propose how to tackle these problems, and discuss some new areas for exploration. Addressing these materials challenges will require scientists and engineers to work together to create new, interdisciplinary approaches beyond the current boundaries of the quantum computing field.

在过去的二十年中，量子计算硬件技术得到了发展，其目标是构建可以解决传统计算机难以解决的问题的系统。实现大规模系统的能力取决于材料科学，材料工程和新的制造技术的重大进步。我们确定当前限制五个量​​子计算硬件平台进展的关键材料挑战，提出如何解决这些问题的方法，并讨论一些新的探索领域。解决这些材料挑战将需要科学家和工程师共同努力，以创造超越量子计算领域当前边界的新的，跨学科的方法。