On 13 March 2020 the Hungarian Government announced the immediate closure of all schools throughout the country to prevent the spread of COVID-19 forcing several hundred thousand children to learn from home, and teachers to ensure their education. The Hungarian Educational Authority hurried to issue recommendations on the use of digital education tools. During the COVID-19 pandemic and the special legal order consequently introduced by the Hungarian Government, Hungary has seen the emergence of such non-binding measures adopted by public entities, complementing governmental action against the pandemic, with the aim of providing guidance to bodies exercising a public service function (“addressees”). These protective measures adopted under the special legal order are deemed to be successful and are largely followed by the addressees. Since soft law has hitherto been neglected by both Hungarian administrative governance and the legal literature, the recent burgeoning of non-binding measures deserves scholarly attention. In this article, we set out to map the specific context of the emergence of domestic soft law and the conditions for its adoption and reception, relying on our case study conducted in respect of the National Educational Authority’s recommendations.

中文翻译：

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匈牙利 COVID-19 封锁期间的国内软法监管：应对独特全球挑战的新监管方法

2020 年 3 月 13 日，匈牙利政府宣布立即关闭全国所有学校，以防止 COVID-19 的传播，迫使数十万儿童在家学习，教师确保他们的教育。匈牙利教育局匆忙发布关于使用数字教育工具的建议。在 COVID-19 大流行和匈牙利政府随后引入的特殊法律命令期间，匈牙利出现了公共实体采取的此类非约束性措施，以补充政府应对大流行的行动，旨在为行使权力的机构提供指导公共服务功能（“收件人”）。这些在特殊法律秩序下采取的保护措施被认为是成功的，并在很大程度上得到了收件人的遵守。由于软法迄今一直被匈牙利行政治理和法律文献所忽视，最近兴起的非约束性措施值得学术界关注。在本文中，我们根据我们就国家教育局的建议进行的案例研究，着手绘制国内软法出现的具体背景及其采用和接受的条件。