The effects of multiple natural and anthropogenic stressors on the functional trait composition and diversity of marine macrobenthic communities in Laoshan Bay were investigated using biological trait analysis (BTA). Seven traits, including 27 trait modalities and four functional diversity indices (functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence, and Rao's quadratic entropy), were considered. The results of RLQ (environmental variables (R), species taxa (L), and traits (Q)) and variance partitioning analysis (VPA) showed that the trait compositions and functional diversity of macrobenthic communities were influenced by a combination of stressors, among which heavy metals were the major factors. At the sites with high heavy metal pollution, the prevalent traits were infauna, burrower, and deposit feeder, whereas epifauna, carnivores and crawlers were dominant at the sites of low heavy metal contamination. The impact of natural environmental gradients on macrobenthic communities is also worthy of attention.

利用生物特征分析（BTA），研究了多种自然和人为胁迫因素对La山湾海洋大型底栖动物群落功能性状组成和多样性的影响。考虑了七个特质，包括27个特质模态和四个功能多样性指数（功能丰富度，功能均匀度，功能差异和Rao二次熵）。RLQ（环境变量（R），物种分类群（L）和性状（Q））和方差分区分析（VPA）的结果表明，大型底栖动物群落的性状组成和功能多样性受压力源的组合影响。哪些重金属是主要因素。在重金属污染高的地方，普遍的特征是动物，洞穴和沉积物饲养者，而动物 在低重金属污染的地区，食肉动物和爬行动物占主导地位。自然环境梯度对大型底栖动物群落的影响也值得关注。